Featured
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Outlook |
Technology: Dressed to detect
Wearable devices that monitor seizures promise improvements in epilepsy treatments and research.
- Elie Dolgin
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Letter |
Neuropsychosocial profiles of current and future adolescent alcohol misusers
Many factors have been proposed as contributors to risk of alcohol abuse, but quantifying their influence has been difficult; here a longitudinal study of a large sample of adolescents and machine learning are used to generate models of predictors of current and future alcohol abuse, assessing the relative contribution of many factors, including life history, individual personality differences, brain structure and genotype.
- Robert Whelan
- , Richard Watts
- & Veronika Ziesch.
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Outlook |
Clinical trials: More trials, fewer tribulations
Clinical studies that group patients according to their molecular profile can make for better and faster drug approval decisions.
- Michael Eisenstein
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Article
| Open AccessComprehensive molecular characterization of urothelial bladder carcinoma
This paper reports integrative molecular analyses of urothelial bladder carcinoma at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels performed as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas project; recurrent mutations were found in 32 genes, including those involved in cell-cycle regulation, chromatin regulation and kinase signalling pathways; chromatin regulatory genes were more frequently mutated in urothelial carcinoma than in any other common cancer studied so far.
- John N. Weinstein
- , Rehan Akbani
- & Greg Eley
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Perspective
| Open AccessCriteria for the use of omics-based predictors in clinical trials
A checklist of criteria to determine the readiness of high-throughput ‘omics’-based tests for guiding patient therapy in clinical trials is discussed; the checklist, developed by the US National Cancer Institute in collaboration with additional scientists with relevant expertise, provides a framework to evaluate the strength of evidence for a test and outlines practical issues to consider before using the test in a clinical setting, with an aim to avoid premature advancement of omics-based tests in clinical trials.
- Lisa M. McShane
- , Margaret M. Cavenagh
- & Barbara A. Conley
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Letter |
A statin-dependent QTL for GATM expression is associated with statin-induced myopathy
Exploration of the interacting effect of statin exposure and genetic variation on gene expression identifies a cis-eQTL that is differentially associated with expression of the GATM gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme involved in creatine synthesis, and that is associated with incidence of statin-induced myopathy, the major adverse effect of statin treatment.
- Lara M. Mangravite
- , Barbara E. Engelhardt
- & Ronald M. Krauss
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Letter |
Barium distributions in teeth reveal early-life dietary transitions in primates
The patterning of barium in tooth enamel is shown to be a reliable marker of lactation in humans and macaques; furthermore, the study of a tooth from a Neanderthal child reveals the weaning process in this extinct species.
- Christine Austin
- , Tanya M. Smith
- & Manish Arora
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News |
Cancer institute tackles sloppy data
Funder demands better evidence for biomarkers in clinical trials.
- Monya Baker
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News |
The TB test you can do at home
Latest fluorescent probe can detect tuberculosis bacteria using a homemade light box and a mobile-phone camera.
- Alyssa Joyce
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Research Highlights |
High-serotonin mice mimic autism
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Letter |
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia enables predictive modelling of anticancer drug sensitivity
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia presents the first results from a large-scale screen of some 947 cancer cell lines with 24 anticancer drugs, with the aim of identifying specific genomic alterations and gene expression profiles associated with selective sensitivity or resistance to potential therapeutic agents.
- Jordi Barretina
- , Giordano Caponigro
- & Levi A. Garraway
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News |
Urine predicts prostate cancer risk
Test could reduce unnecessary needle biopsies.
- Virginia Gewin
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News |
Value of disease clues often exaggerated
Biomarkers revealed as red herrings are still treated like smoking guns.
- Heidi Ledford
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Letter |
Sensitivity to antitubulin chemotherapeutics is regulated by MCL1 and FBW7
- Ingrid E. Wertz
- , Saritha Kusam
- & Vishva M. Dixit
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Article |
Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with PACAP and the PAC1 receptor
- Kerry J. Ressler
- , Kristina B. Mercer
- & Victor May
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Letter |
Circadian rhythms persist without transcription in a eukaryote
Circadian clocks are critical timing regulators of physiology and behaviour that are ubiquitous in eukaryotes. Most mechanistic models of the this clock are based on transcription cycles, but some evidence for post-translational regulation has recently surfaced in plants and cyanobacteria. This is one of two groups demonstrating a role for the oxidation of peroxiredoxin proteins in maintaining an entrainable oscillation in human red blood cells and a unicellular alga. These data indicate a role for non-transcriptional mechanisms in clock models and open the door to future work exploring the connections between the transcriptional and non transcriptional circadian machinery.
- John S. O’Neill
- , Gerben van Ooijen
- & Andrew J. Millar
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News |
Alzheimer's blood test 'most accurate' so far
The blood of patients with the brain disease contains antibodies not found in healthy people.
- Ewen Callaway
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Outlook |
Technology: A flavour of the future
Health biomarkers, smart technology and social networks are hastening an era of nutrition tailored to your individual needs but relying on information generated by the crowd.
- Arran Frood
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Outlook |
Biomarkers: casting the net wide
To have any hope of affecting the course of Parkinson's disease, early diagnosis is essential. Rachel Jones assesses progress so far.
- Rachel Jones
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Letter |
An interferon-inducible neutrophil-driven blood transcriptional signature in human tuberculosis
Here, the human immune response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been characterized by transcriptional profiling. The results show that active tuberculosis correlates with a particular transcriptional signature that is dominated by a neutrophil-driven interferon-inducible gene profile. The study provides a broad range of transcriptional biomarkers with potential as diagnostic and prognostic tools to combat the tuberculosis epidemic.
- Matthew P. R. Berry
- , Christine M. Graham
- & Anne O’Garra
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Research Highlights |
Cancer genomics: Prognostic sign
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News |
Biomarkers for kidney damage should speed drug development
Drug-safety indicators are the first fruits of a collaboration between academia, industry and regulators.
- Brendan Borrell
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Editorial |
Valid concerns
The reporting of candidate biomarkers for disease must be rigorous to drive translational research.