The red area denotes the current frequency distribution of a trait that is carried by individuals in a population. The yellow area denotes the same distribution for a past generation. If there is enough time, the frequency will follow changes in the fitness values associated with a particular trait value, so these figures also depict caricatures of relevant parts of the adaptive landscape. The arrows indicate where the optimum is (or where it is moving) and thus the trait values that will be positively selected. All other trait values are under negative selection.
This image is linked to the following Scitable pages:
How are humans contributing to negative selection? It's a part of evolution that can also drive some species to extinction; models of negative selection help us understand biodiversity.
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