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In this Case Study, the authors describe the successful management of a spontaneously ruptured adrenal artery aneurysm using only interventional radiology techniques. The case highlights the importance of multidetector CT for identifying the bleeding point and the effectiveness of endovascular embolization in the management of this type of vascular emergency.
In this Case Study, the authors describe a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who was treated with neoadjuvant sunitinib before cytoreductive nephrectomy. Despite a good clinical response to therapy, the patient experienced progression of an unidentified spinal metastasis during the preoperative drug vacation.
In this Case Study, the authors describe a patient with Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome—a genetic disorder that confers increased susceptibility to renal cancer—who developed small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of prostatic or bladder origin. They outline the genetic and immunohistochemical analyses that were performed in an attempt to understand the behavior of this rare and highly malignant tumor.
Patients with carcinoma of unknown primary origin (CUP) pose a difficult diagnostic challenge, but a missed diagnosis of the primary tumor site is, unfortunately, a frequent occurrence. Musser and colleagues describe a patient with a large para-aortic mass that was initially diagnosed as CUP, but was subsequently identified as metastatic seminoma that showed remarkable spontaneous regression.
The authors describe a patient with a persistently elevated level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during chemotherapy for suspected low-risk, metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumor. His hCG level was found to have been falsely elevated owing to the presence of heterophile antibodies that interfered with the hCG immunoassay.
Renal medullary carcinoma has been almost exclusively diagnosed in patients with sickle cell anemia. O'Donnell et al. present a case of this rare and aggressive cancer in an adult with no detectable hemoglobinopathies. They describe both the histopathological features of the disease, and the systemic chemotherapies used to treat it.
