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In this Review, the authors synthesize recommendations on the management of neuroimmunological disease in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. They consider these recommendations alongside the first available data from patients, and provide an overview of management approaches in the COVID-19 era.
The search for effective therapies for neurological disease has been impeded by our limited understanding of the causative molecular and cellular mechanisms. Kampmann describes how new CRISPR-based functional genomics approaches can uncover disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets in neurological diseases.
This Review examines the rationale for the use of virtual reality in research and rehabilitation of people with Parkinson disease. The authors provide a critical appraisal of the current state of the art, make recommendations for future research and outline clinical implications.
In this Review, Brennan and Henshall discuss how microRNAs determine and control neuronal and glial functions, how this process is altered in states associated with hyperexcitability, and the prospects for microRNA targeting for the treatment of epilepsy.
Smeland and colleagues examine the evidence for a polygenic architecture of schizophrenia. This new knowledge of schizophrenia pathobiology has important implications for understanding its genetic overlap with other traits and disorders, which could influence future disease classifications and mechanistic research.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are associated with several neurological syndromes but their importance and role are controversial. In this Review, Graus et al. propose criteria for assessing the association between GAD antibodies and neurological syndromes and discuss the pathogenicity of GAD antibodies.
Zoonotic and vector-borne parasites are important preventable risk factors for epilepsy. The authors explore the pathophysiological basis of the link between parasitic infections and epilepsy and consider preventive and therapeutic approaches to reduce the epilepsy burden associated with parasitic disorders.
In this Review, the authors discuss the treatment and management of cognitive impairment in people with multiple sclerosis. They describe the theoretical rationales, challenges and advances in cognitive rehabilitation and exercise training for treating multiple sclerosis-related cognitive impairment, and discuss future directions for research in this field.
In this Review, Tan et al. provide an overview of the clinical and preclinical evidence that immune system dysfunction is involved in Parkinson disease, and discuss how increasing knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is driving development of immune-based therapeutic approaches.
In this Review, Montaner and colleagues summarize how proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics are contributing to the discovery and development of biomarkers in stroke, and how bringing them together with integromics could provide new biomarkers and therapeutic opportunities.
Most research into blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders has so far focused on Alzheimer disease. In this Review, Aarsland and colleagues give an overview of the current status of blood-based biomarkers for the non-Alzheimer disease neurodegenerative disorders.
In this Review, Panza and colleagues provide an overview of the current understanding of pathogenic mechanisms of frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders and discuss how this knowledge is driving the development of potential disease-modifying drugs.
In this Review, Peng et al. summarize the evidence for cell-to-cell transmission of pathological proteins in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and identify key questions for future investigation.
In this Review, Karimy et al. discuss the mechanisms by which inflammation can contribute to the pathogenesis of acquired hydrocephalus and highlight targets for therapeutic intervention.
Few therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) have successfully reached the clinic, owing to the complex nature of the injury. This Review highlights two potential new multi-target therapeutic strategies for SCI: olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and heparan sulfate mimetics.
In this Review, Wardlaw et al. discuss the anatomy, physiology and pathology of perivascular spaces, particularly as seen with MRI in humans, and consider translation from models to humans to highlight knowns, unknowns, controversies and clinical relevance.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a type of neurological autoimmune disease characterized by attacks of CNS inflammation. In this Review, the authors discuss the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and NMOSD disease activity, and outline potential treatment approaches.
In this Review, Tolosa et al. discuss the strategies in development for disease-modifying treatments in Parkinson disease cause by mutations in the LRRK2 gene, and consider the challenges in designing and implementing clinical trials in this condition.
Degenerative cervical myelopathy is the leading cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults worldwide. In this Review, the authors provide a comprehensive pathophysiological and clinical overview of the condition to equip physicians across broad disciplines with the knowledge needed for its diagnosis and management.
In this Review, the authors discuss the results of recent postmortem studies of essential tremor and propose a disease model that involves both primary neurodegenerative changes and compensatory responses.
