News & Comment

Using single amplified genomes, this study identifies members of the Nitrospinae bacterial phylum as the main primary producers in the dark ocean.

This study identified a metabolic pathway in members of the gut microbiota, which uses aromatic amino acids to produce small molecules with systemic effects.

This study reports that commensal enteric fungi provide protection against infection in local intestinal and non-intestinal systemic tissues and enhance systemic immunity.

Bacterial predation byAcinetobacter baylyi increases the rate of horizontal gene transfer from Escherichia coli, which leads to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes from prey cells.

This study identifies a new bacterial cell death pathway that is triggered by granzyme B and that can kill diverse bacteria.

This study identifies the environmental factors that are associated with changes in bacterial secondary metabolism across natural environments on a metagenome-wide scale.

This study shows how the crypt microbiota and the LPS that they produce alter epithelial proliferation and differentiation in the colon.

A recent study revealed howH. pyloriopens cell-to-cell junctions and traverses the gastric epithelium to bind to basolateral integrins, thereby activating the assembly and function of its type IV secretion system.

A recent study investigated the structural dynamics of a matrix protein ofVibrio choleraebiofilms and examined how this protein modulates the architecture of the biofilm.

In a recent study, Takataet al. show that viral CG suppression is key for the replication of HIV-1 and that the zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP), by specifically binding to CG-rich RNA sequences, can identify non-self RNAs and target them for degradation.

This study reveals a two-component response regulator system in enterotoxigenicBacteroides fragilis strains that regulates the expression of the colitis-inducing B. fragilistoxin.

A recent study by Silvesteret al. found that a conserved quorum sensing signalling pathway regulates interspecies crosstalk in trypanosome co-infections and provided novel insights into trypanosome virulence and transmission.

A recent study identified a host-derived ammonium transporter in the genome of an algal virus that increases the rate of nitrogen uptake by infected cells and changes how the host accesses diverse nitrogen sources during infection.

This study reports thatLegionella pneumophilaregulates mitochondrial dynamics to subvert mitochondrial bioenergetics of infected cells in a process that involves a bacterial T4SS effector and a host fission protein.

A recent study describes a new molecular mechanism used by the gut microbiota to maintain a state of homeostasis in the intestinal lumen, and highlights the importance of PPARγ signalling in this complex regulation.

A recent study investigated how the history of adaptation to a single antibiotic influences the trajectory of evolutionary dynamics during subsequent treatments with different antibiotics.

A recent study by Florezet al. shows a direct correlation between the export of PQS and OMV biogenesis, which suggests that by modulating the export of PQS it is possible to regulate the production of OMVs.

Two recent studies shed light on the mechanisms that coordinate cell division with chromosomal replication and segregation in two distinct bacterial species.

A recent study provides a mechanism by which a bacteriophage may increase the translocation ofNeisseria meningitidisinto the bloodstream.

Two new studies explore the effect of overexpression of efflux pumps on bacterial fitness as well as the effect of loss of efflux function on virulence.