News & Comment

This study shows that targeting the microbiota enzymes that are involved in the production of trimethylamine (TMA) reduces the levels of TMAN-oxide (TMAO) and is a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease.

This study shows that herpes simplex virus hijacks a neuron-specific JNK stress response pathway to reactivate the expression of latent virus.

Two recent studies have shown that someNitrospiraspecies can oxidize ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate, demonstrating that the two steps of nitrification can be carried out by single microorganisms.

Two new studies show that Hsp70 inhibitors are promising candidates as antivirals against flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

This study investigates the links between diet, the gut microbiota and postprandial glycaemic responses (PPGRs), showing that differences in the gut microbiota are associated with the high interpersonal variability in the PPGRs to identical meals.

This study identifies two new polyketide metabolites ofClostridium puniceumthat enable this crop pathogen to thrive in its unusual aerobic niche while inhibiting the growth of other bacteria.

Two X-ray crystallography studies reveal the mechanism underlying spacer acquisition by CRISPR−Cas systems.

This study shows that processing of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) by thePlasmodiumsubtilisin-like serine protease SUB1 enables MSP1 to interact with the host cell cytoskeleton, enabling parasite egress from red blood cells.

This study identifies a physiological role for bacterial ion channels, showing that they can propagate electrical signals throughout biofilms in a long-range process that coordinates the metabolic responses of the microbial community.

A new study characterizes three anti-CRISPR proteins to provide the first mechanistic insights into phage evasion of CRISPR–Cas immunity.

Two new studies show that the HIV-1 accessory protein Nef enhances virion infectivity by targeting the restriction factors SERINC3 and SERINC5.

Deyet al. show that gut motility is affected by different combinations of microbiota and diet, and that turmeric affects intestinal transit, through a mechanism that involves bile acid secretion and Ret signalling.

A new study reports that the genetic diversification ofPseudomonas aeruginosawithin the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is driven by regional isolation.

A new study shows that variability of contact-dependent growth inhibition toxins is linked to a large repertoire of cell-entry pathways.

Malaria infection modifies endemic Burkitt lymphomas by inducing a prolonged expansion of germinal centre B cell numbers.

These two studies report novel vaccination strategies to elicit antibodies that target the conserved stem region of haemagglutinin in order to generate protective immune responses against multiple influenza subtypes.

A new study delineates the origin and transmission pattern of Lassa virus, an important human pathogen.

This study uses a new tool, VirSorter, to search for virus genomes within all publicly available bacterial and archaeal genomic datasets and finds 264 new candidate viral genera.

Two recent studies report the development of monoclonal antibodies directed against novel epitopes within the viral envelope protein of dengue virus that prevent severe infection in mouse models.

A new study shows that aBacillus subtilisbiofilm community uses metabolic co-dependency to produce growth oscillations that resolve a siege-like metabolic conflict.