The practice of palliative care for patients with cancer is continually improving, and an increasing evidence base indicates that early integration of oncological and palliative care can result in wide-ranging benefits for the patients, their loved ones, clinicians, and health-care payers. Herein, David Hui and Eduardo Bruera discuss optimization of clinical infrastructures, processes, and education to support this strategy, and provide a conceptual model for the integration of supportive and/or palliative care with primary and oncological care. The authors emphasize the need for health-care systems and institutions to tailor integration based on their resources, size, and the level of primary palliative care available.