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The public health importance of Barrett's oesophagus lies in its association with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, the incidence of which is rising steadily. However, 95% of oesophageal adenocarcinomas arise in individuals without a prior diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus. What strategies can be used to reduce late diagnosis of oesophageal adenocarcinoma?
The inability to faithfully segregate chromosomes to two daughter cells during mitosis — leading to aneuploidy — is a widespread phenomenon in solid tumours that is thought to promote tumorigenic progression. This Review discusses how mitotic chromosomal instability might arise in tumours and what its consequences might be.
Oncogene-induced senescence was first seen in cultured cells. However, since the initialin vitro observation of this phenomenon, it has been shown to occur in both mouse and human tumours. What do we know about tumour cell senescence in vivo, and how might this be exploited therapeutically?
Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, as well as microRNAs, contribute to the development of acute leukaemias. This Review describes the current understanding of epigenetic changes (including microRNA regulation) in acute leukaemias, with a particular focus on those characterized by balanced chromosomal aberrations.
The integrins regulate a diverse array of cellular functions that are crucial to the initiation, progression and metastasis of solid tumours. This Review discusses the exciting developments in targeting integrins, including the recent initiation of a Phase III trial for an integrin antagonist in patients with glioblastoma.
