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Receptor-mediated signaling occurs at nanoscale. Understanding this requires nanopatterning and imaging techniques compatible at this scale. Rapid functionalization of Ti nanopatterns allows nanoscale visualization of early steps in cell signaling.
Metal–organic frameworks have a well-defined pore architecture and tunable functional characteristics based on their structure. This protocol explains how to determine the structure of nano- (submicron-)sized crystals by three-dimensional electron diffraction.
This protocol details the construction of two types of nanocarrier based on bacterial membrane materials and their use in vaccine delivery to create cancer nanovaccines.
This protocol describes labeling, clearing, imaging and cellular-level three-dimensional image reconstruction of intact human organs achieved with the help of a novel tissue clearing and labeling technology and a commercially available microscope.
The authors describe a protocol for growing a tumor of mouse or human origin beneath the skin of a mouse, which is widely known as the subcutaneous mouse tumor model.
Poly(A) inclusive full-length RNA isoform sequencing is a method for measuring poly(A) tail length and composition at single-mammalian-oocyte (subnanogram)-level sensitivity.
The functions of circular RNAs are challenging to investigate because of high sequence similarity to their cognate linear mRNAs. This protocol outlines a strategy for specific targeting of circular RNAs in genome-wide pooled CRISPR–Cas13 screens.
This protocol describes the working principle and implementation of axially swept light-sheet microscopy, which can image subcellular features at organ scales in 3D. It discusses how to optimize its design and provides a detailed guide for its construction and alignment.
The development of nucleoside analogs for use as antiviral agents and antisense oligonucleotides requires efficient synthetic methods. This three-step approach starts with proline-catalyzed fluorination of simple heteroaryl-substituted aldehydes.
We present a protocol for building a scanning light-field microscope with digital adaptive optics as an add-on to a standard wide-field microscope to achieve long-term, high-speed intravital fluorescence imaging.
This protocol allows users to quantify metal-bearing engineered nanomaterials in biological tissues and cells and to analyze their dynamic behavior at trace-level concentrations, using single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and synchrotron X-ray absorption fine structure.
Treatments developed in small-animal models of stroke are often not translatable to the clinic. In this protocol, a blood clot in a microcatheter is introduced into the middle cerebral artery of rhesus monkeys; controlled thrombolysis is possible.
It is crucial to know the localization of a protein to fully understand its function. SubCellBarCode is a wet lab–, mass spectrometry- and bioinformatics-based pipeline that generates proteome-wide protein subcellular localization for human cancer cell lines.
This protocol enables users to establish long-term multigenerational ctenophore cultures in the laboratory and details CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing in Mnemiopsis leidyi.
Fluorescently labeled nuclei of the enteric nervous system are isolated from adult mouse or zebrafish gut and characterized by nuclear RNA sequencing and visualization and quantification of transcripts using a custom analytical pipeline.
This protocol describes the preparation of two lipid-based membrane–core nanoformulations for FOLFOX by using the nanoprecipitation technique. These can be used in the treatment of colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
This protocol guides the user through normative modeling analysis using the Predictive Clinical Neuroscience toolkit (PCNtoolkit), enabling individual differences to be mapped at the level of a single subject or observation in relation to a reference model.
This protocol details the synthesis and use of Peroxymycin-1, an activity-based histochemical probe for hydrogen peroxide detection in fixed cell and mouse tissue samples.
Mouse or human organoids are generated from two cervical regions: columnar epithelium-lined endocervix and stratified squamous epithelium-lined ectocervix. Genetic manipulation for modeling cancers and organoid infections is also described.