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Biodegradable cellulose-based photonic and plasmonic architectures are fabricated via soft nanoimprinting lithography, and are used for structural colour generation, photoluminescence enhancement and as disposable surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates.
By sending few-microjoule single-cycle terahertz pulses to a segmented terahertz electron accelerator and manipulator, 70 MV m–1 peak acceleration fields, 2 kT m–1 focusing gradients, 140 µrad fs–1 streaking gradient and bunch compression to 100 fs are achieved.
The Fermi–Pasta–Ulam recurrence process—the recovery of the initial state of a nonlinear system after a certain time—is observed for the first time in a low-loss optical fibre by building a multi-channel, vector optical-time-domain reflectometer.
Heating due to optical losses in metal nanoparticles, which is usually an unwanted side effect, is harnessed to realize low-power opto-thermoelectric nanotweezers.
The use of a time-gated reflection matrix of a scattering medium, in particular via using singular value decomposition and injecting light into the largest time-gated eigenchannel, can lead to a more than tenfold enhancement in light energy delivery in comparison with ordinary wave diffusion cases.
A dual-comb spectrometer based on a pair of ultra-broadband optical parametric oscillators is demonstrated. It provides the simultaneous acquisition of 350,000 spectral data points, spaced by a 115 MHz intermodal interval over the 3.1–5.5 µm spectral range.
By exploiting two-photon laser lithography for in situ printing of facet-attached beam-shaping elements, hybrid photonic integration can now be realized, opening opportunities for the automated assembly of photonic multi-chip systems with unprecedented performance and versatility.
Using silicon nitride waveguides processed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition, full integration of ultrahigh-Q resonators with other photonic devices is now possible, representing a critical advance for future photonic circuits and systems.
By employing difference-frequency generation, a mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer covering the 2.6 to 5.2 µm range is demonstrated with comb-tooth resolution, sub-MHz frequency precision and accuracy, and a spectral signal-to-noise ratio as high as 6,500.
High-harmonic generation in quartz offers immunity to the extreme-ultraviolet waveform against the intensity and phase noise of the driving laser pulse, extending precision waveform synthesis to the extreme ultraviolet.
The use of a phase-sensitive time-lens system allows single-shot recording of both the amplitude and phase of random and complex signals with a high temporal resolution of ~80 fs over a long time window of ~40 ps.
Organic light-emitting diodes featuring the compounds CzDBA and tBuCzBDA are shown to not only offer high external quantum efficiency, but also minimal reduction in performance at high brightness.
The simultaneous use of dispersive Fourier transform and time-lens measurements allows complete characterization of the unstable spectral and temporal evolution of ultrashort dissipative solitons, providing further insight into ultrafast transient dynamics in optics.
Attosecond time–energy characterization of pulses generated by the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-ray free-electron laser is enabled by angular streaking measurements.
By using a terahertz free-electron laser, multiphoton transitions between impurity states in p-doped Si are investigated. The two- and three-photon integrated absorption cross-sections are found to be the highest ever reported for a discrete oscillator system.
By combining the sensitivity and high temporal resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy, a 4D microscope is demonstrated that visualizes in three dimensions the fast cellular processes in living cells at up to 200 Hz.
Green light-emitting diodes with a brightness of 460,000 cd m–2 and a low turn-on voltage of 2.5 V are enabled by the use of a chlorination treatment to provide conductive passivation of the devices.
An experimental protocol to discern true multi-particle interference is demonstrated in a boson sampling device without dynamic reconfiguration. Statistical features of three-photon interference were evaluated in a seven-mode integrated interferometer.
Using an ultrafast, time-stretched frequency comb laser operating with repetition rates from 7.6 MHz to 18.9 MHz, a rapid and large-volumetric-field optical coherence tomography at an imaging rate of up to 7.5 volumes per second is demonstrated.