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Interactions amongst Bacillus subtilis cells in a defined spatial environment are sufficient to enable the formation of self-organized patches that allow survival at cell densities otherwise too low to sustain growth.
Binding of type 3 secretion system translocons to host intermediate filaments mediate Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia docking and facilitate effector translocation.
Evolution of high levels of multidrug tolerance in E. coli occurs rapidly via single point mutations and adapts to drug treatment frequency. Conversely reversion in the absence of antibiotic treatment is slow and only partially effective.
Antibiotic therapy has varying effects on the species richness of the preterm infant gut microbiota, but can lead to a dominance of multi-drug resistant species and an enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes.
Light sensing in Aspergillus nidulans is shown to depend on the SakA (HogA) pathway, known to be crucial for osmosensing and now revealed as a hub for environmental signal integration in fungi.
Rapid variation in the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton communities of a spring bloom provides new insights into the biological and physical parameters affecting plankton succession.
A transposon-based screen identifies a family of outer membrane proteins — named surface lipoprotein assembly modulator (Slam) — that are important for the surface display of lipoprotein virulence factors in Neisseria spp.
Inhibition of BCL-XL eliminates Legionella infection, suggesting that host-directed BH3-mimetic therapy may be effective against intracellular pathogens that inhibit host cell protein synthesis.
Infection with HIV-1 triggers an increase in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of both viral and host mRNAs, which impacts viral replication and nuclear export of viral RNA.
Renal infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) leads to both the induction of apoptosis through upregulation of Smad7 and FGF2 and to renal failure.
The HigBA toxin–antitoxin system of Caulobacter crescentus can act as a switch between promoting and inhibiting bacterial growth, depending on the dosage of HigA antitoxin, HigB toxin and its mRNA target.
Genomic reconstruction from hot spring sediment metagenomes show that 'Hadesarchaea' have streamlined yet metabolically versatile genomes, with genes involved in CO and H2 oxidation, with potential coupling to nitrite reduction to ammonia.
T. gondii crosses biological barriers using transcellular migration or within an infected migrating cell. Here, infection and lysis of endothelial cells in the brain vasculature is identified as a new route of access to the central nervous system.
Whole genome sequencing of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolates from the UK and Ireland reveal a population with three predominant lineages, two of which have acquired and lost resistance multiple times.
Significant gaps in our characterization of microbial diversity remain; this meta-analysis of amplicon-based rRNA studies shows that they miss approximately 10% of environmental microbial sequences, most belonging to the candidate phyla radiation.
Deletions in amino acid biosynthetic pathways (auxotrophy) are widely used as selection markers, but induce major alterations of the Saccharomyces transcriptome, proteome and metabolome, representing a confounding factor in the use of auxotrophs.
The microenvironment of injured intestinal mucosa induces the rapid emergence of microbiota constituents that contribute to repair of the mucosal wounds.
pks5-recombination-mediated cell surface remodelling increased virulence of Mycobacterium canettii, driving evolution from a putative generalist mycobacteria towards a professional pathogen of mammalian hosts.
Analysis of microbial cell and virus abundance estimates from 25 distinct marine surveys reveals that virus-to-microbial cell ratio decreases with microbial cell density, questioning the idea that viral abundance is always 10-fold higher.