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Zika virus infection of human brain pericytes triggers maturation of an osteogenic factor, thereby resulting in osteogenic gene expression and calcification.
Metagenomics and electron microscopy are combined to analyse the diversity of episymbiotic CPR bacteria and DPANN archaea in eight groundwater communities.
Single-molecule tracking of the septal peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase FtsW reveals two populations: a fast-moving one that follows treadmilling FtsZ and a slow-moving one that is involved in peptidoglycan synthesis.
Chemical and biological features of the ocean environment that impact on survival of heterotrophic bacteria are identified by invasion experiments with Ruegeria pomeroyi.
A CRISPR interference platform to compare the essentiality of core genes in different genetic backgrounds of Escherichia coli and growth conditions reveals that the essentiality of core genes can substantially vary at the strain level, and can be modulated by HGT and gene loss events.
The co-crystal structure of VSGsur with the trypanocidal compound suramin directly links the binding of the drug to the resistance phenotype displayed by strains of Trypanosoma brucei expressing VSGsur. Therefore, VSGs can have a function beyond that of antigenic variation.
The cryo-electron microscropy structures of the full-length ectodomain of VAR2CSA in both ligand-binding and ligand-free states reveal the sequestration mechanism of placental malaria.
A comparative proteomics approach identifies substrates of viral antagonists and reveals host factors that act on viral DNA genomes to restrict infection.
Here, the authors present the upstream pathway that controls the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome during bacteraemia. The CNF1 toxin from Escherichia coli activates the Rho GTPase Rac2 and its activity is sensed by NLRP3, which is activated by a signalling cascade involving p21-activated kinases 1 and 2.
Using cryo-electron microscopy, the authors describe the structure and function of a molecular motor powering both the Bacteroidetes type 9 protein secretion system and the associated gliding motility apparatus.
SprF1, a type I RNA antitoxin, interacts with ribosomes via its 5′-end to reduce translation initiation, thus promoting persister cell formation in Staphylococcus aureus.
A combined geochemical and multi-omics analysis across a 4,600-km transect in the central Pacific Ocean reveals that dinoflagellates play a previously unrecognized role in ecosystem and biogeochemical processes.
A genetic screen using SorTn-seq—which combines transposon mutagenesis, cell sorting and deep sequencing—identifies multiple pathways that regulate CRISPR–Cas immunity in Serratia sp. ATCC 39006.
A combination of metagenomic analyses, thermodynamic modelling and in situ measurements of gas fluxes shows that a large fraction of soil bacteria can use inorganic energy sources, such as the trace gases hydrogen and carbon monoxide, for growth and persistence.
Using kefir as a natural model microbial ecosystem, the authors apply metabolomics, transcriptomics and large-scale mapping of inter-species interactions to study the drivers of stable coexistence of species in space and time.