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Circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to evade neutralization by COVID-19 vaccines, including bivalent boosters that target the BA.4/BA.5 variants of concern, suggesting that strategies to get ahead of the virus’ evolution might be warranted.
Nucleus accumbens, low-frequency, responsive deep brain stimulation improved self-control of food intake and weight loss in two patients with binge eating disorder and severe obesity
Findings of unrecognized or asymptomatic monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections with replication-competent virus in humans suggest that a lack of recognized, clinical symptoms could play a role in virus transmission and the magnitude of the 2022 MPXV outbreak.
A comprehensive comparison of Alzheimer’s disease blood biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired individuals reveals that plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 capture very early Aβ changes, showing promise as markers to enrich a preclinical population for Alzheimer’s disease clinical trials
Genomic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5, responsible for the fifth COVID-19 pandemic wave in South Africa, shows continued viral diversification and provides insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the ability of the new lineages to outcompete their predecessors.
Analysis of the first sequences from the 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus shows relatedness and substantial divergence from a 2018–2019 outbreak, suggesting rapid virus evolution with possible implications for human-to-human transmission.
Healthy individuals have antibodies and T cells that are reactive to the Cas13d protein from the bovine bacteria Ruminococcus flavefaciens, which may have implications for clinical testing of CRISPR–Cas13 gene editing approaches.
A new study reveals that polygenic scores for lipid traits derived from data of African American individuals have high predictive value in a South African Zulu cohort but are poor predictors in a cohort from Uganda, further highlighting the need to improve polygenic predictions in populations of African ancestries.
CoronaVac protects young children from severe COVID-19 during a SARS-CoV-2 Omicron surge, supporting the effectiveness and importance of vaccinating this pediatric population.
First responders to the World Trade Center disaster, who were exposed to particulate matter containing potential carcinogens, have a high burden of somatic mutations in blood cells, raising their risk for cancer and other diseases and highlighting the need for enhanced health screening of these individuals.
A multi-scale model using population-level transmission and individual-level vaccination data suggests that vaccine dose fractionation could be a cost-effective strategy for mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic in India.
Serum neutralizing antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant markedly increase after a third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in individuals who previously received either two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine or two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine.
BNT162b2 booster vaccination in individuals who had previously received two doses of CoronaVac elevates neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant, but titers remain reduced compared with those against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Delta variant.
Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is markedly impaired in sera from recipients of two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 or from convalescent individuals, but is robustly increased in both groups following a booster vaccine dose.
Peripheral ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by BNT162b2 vaccination cross-react to the Omicron variant at higher levels than those induced by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Biomarkers of red blood cell destruction were elevated in astronauts while on long-duration missions on the International Space Station, suggesting that hemolysis is a major contributor to space anemia.