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Abnormal amyloid and tau PET in cognitively unimpaired individuals is strongly associated with short-term cognitive decline and subsequent development of dementia.
A new analysis using US Department of Veterans Affairs databases showed that reinfection is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, hospitalization and a wide range of long COVID complications in individuals who have had SARS-CoV-2 compared to those with no reinfection.
In a prospective international cohort of 1,127 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and ctDNA-guided therapy, ctDNA detection was associated with shorter survival, independently of clinicopathologic features and metabolic tumor volume.
A new study combines large-scale proteomics and machine learning to identify proteins that can be used to identify individuals with isolated impaired glucose tolerance, who would otherwise only be detectable with oral glucose tolerance tests.
Analyses of the genetic architecture of the human plasma metabolome in two large population-based cohorts identify associations between genetically determined metabolite levels and health.
Vaccines that elicit HIV-specific T-cell responses did not prevent viral rebound in people living with HIV upon antiretroviral treatment (ART) interruption, but associated with longer time off ART in some trial participants, suggesting their immunogenicity may benefit future cure approaches.
Retrospective simulation of several global COVID-19 distribution scenarios shows that equitable and altruistic vaccine sharing strategies could have substantially reduced the global burden of SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated mortality.
Bivalent vaccines elicit broad immune responses that neutralize ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern and offer a customizable approach to protect from COVID-19 as new virus variants emerge.
Historic smallpox vaccination and monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection elicit MPXV-neutralizing antibodies, but MPXV-neutralizing antibodies are less frequent and of lower magnitude after vaccination with MVA-BN—the vaccine approved and in use for protection against MPXV and smallpox.
Coupling cure interventions with ART during early HIV infection may accelerate virus clearance and enhance T cell responses, supporting tailoring of monoclonal antibodies to sensitive viruses to improve their effects.
Variation in antibody levels elicited by the COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCov-19 is linked to specific major histocompatibility complex class II alleles, providing insight into the breadth of immune response among vaccinated individuals.
In a multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase 2 study of patients with previously treated metastatic uveal melanoma, treatment with tebentafusp, a soluble TCR bispecific (gp100xCD3) showed promising clinical activity with an acceptable safety profile.
Using the burden of proof analytical tool, a meta-analysis found weak or no evidence of associations between unprocessed red meat consumption and increased risk of six cardiometabolic disease and cancer outcomes.
A meta-analysis using the Burden of Proof function identified modest evidence supporting a protective role of vegetable consumption against ischemic heart disease, stroke and esophageal cancer but not type 2 diabetes.
A new Burden of Proof meta-analytic method that accounts for between-study heterogeneity and corrects for bias between different study designs is used to interpret the strength of evidence between different pairs of risk factors and health outcomes.
A new study examines microbiome-generated ethanol in individuals with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), concluding that microbial ethanol might contribute to pathogenesis in some patients with NAFLD.
A meta-analysis using the Burden of proof method reported consistent evidence supporting harmful associations between smoking and 28 different health outcomes.
A potent and selective inhibitor of KRASG12D, the most common mutant form of the KRAS oncoprotein, has anti-tumor efficacy in multiple pre-clinical cancer models, opening the possibility to therapeutically target this highly prevalent oncogenic driver.
Results from the STEP 5 trial, testing semaglutide as an adjunct to behavioral interventions in adults with overweight or obesity, demonstrate sustained weight loss over a period of 104 weeks.
The influence of an individual’s genetics, diet and gut microbiome on their plasma metabolome was studied in 1,368 individuals and Mendelian randomization and mediation analyses were used to unveil causal relationships between diet, the gut microbiome and the metabolome.