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The thymus (shown here in a many-colored fluorescent technicoat) is a major center of the immune system's adaptive arm because lymphocyte precursors need its nurturing environment to commit to the T lineage. Boyd and colleagues (page 635) now report a marker, MTS24, that identifies a population of cells from which a functional thymus can be generated. See also the News & Views by Petrie on page 604.
Higher eukaryotes can mount antiviral immune responses induced by dsRNA. This process, called RNA interference, is sequence specific and can therefore be used to target gene expression.
The resolution of an immune response was thought to coincide with the clearance of infection. However, the kinetics of CD8+ T cell decline may be programmed far before the antigen load lightens.
Biofilms offer cover for many pathogenic bacteria. A recent paper in Nature reveals that lactoferrin is an innate tool that inhibits biofilm formation.
The identity of the thymic epithelium precursor has been elusive.A marker is now shown to identify a population of cells that can give rise to a functional thymus.
TSLP is now revealed to be an important regulator of DC-mediated control of TH2-based human allergic responses, identifying a potentially new species-specific function for this cytokine.
IgE-FcεRI complex formation represents a critical step in the initiation of allergic responses. Conformational changes involving the Cε2 domain may underlie the persistent activation of FcεRI-bearing cells.