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The amount of carbon stored in peats exceeds that stored in vegetation. A synthesis of the literature suggests that smouldering fires in peatlands could become more common as the climate warms, and release old carbon to the air.
The removal of trace gases from the troposphere is, in most cases, initialized by reactions with hydroxyl radicals. An evaluation of this process (sometimes termed self-cleansing) using existing observations from environments with different atmospheric compositions suggests that it runs at maximum efficiency.
The Indonesian seas provide the only connection between ocean basins in the tropics. A review of observational data and model results concludes that vertical mixing determines the physical properties of water in the Indonesian throughflow.
