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Makedonka Mitreva and colleagues report the genome sequence and transcriptome analysis of the hookworm Necator americanus, a prevalent soil-transmitted human parasite and the cause of necatoriasis. They develop a hookworm protein microarray to examine the host parasite interaction and immune response, tested on blood samples from 200 individuals in an endemic region.
Doil Choi and colleagues report the genome sequence of the hot pepper, Capsicum annuum, as well as the resequencing of two cultivated peppers and a wild species, Capsicum chinense. Comparative genomic analysis across Solanaceae provides insights into genome expansion, pungency, ripening and disease resistance in hot peppers.
Jorge Ferrer and colleagues have mapped regulatory SNP variants associated in GWAS with type 2 diabetes risk and glycemic traits to large clusters of enhancer elements regulating the transcriptional identity of pancreatic β cells via a highly connected transcription factor network.
Peter Campbell, Mel Greaves and colleagues use exome and whole-genome sequencing to characterize somatic mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias with the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene. They find that RAG-mediated deletions are the dominant mutational process.
Gong-Hong Wei, Jussi Taipale and colleagues show that a prostate cancer risk allele at 6q22 enhances HOXB13 chromatin binding at this locus, leading to increased allele-specific expression of RFX6. They further show that RFX6 suppression reduces the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells and that RFX6 expression in clinical samples correlates with tumor progression and metastasis.
