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Separators are an essential part of current lithium-ion batteries. Vanessa Wood and co-workers review the properties of separators, discuss their relationship with battery performance and survey the techniques for characterizing separators.
The thermal properties of solar energy can be exploited for many applications, including evaporation. Tao et al. review recent developments in the field of solar-driven interfacial evaporation, which have enabled higher-performance structures by localizing energy conversion to the air/liquid interface.
High-quality liquid transportation fuels can be produced from renewable biomass by using microbial fermentation. This Review explores advances in microbial engineering as well as the barriers and opportunities for such bio-based production of hydrocarbons.
Perovskites, with their wide bandgap range, are good partners for both commercial and novel photovoltaic technologies in multijunction solar cells. Here, McGehee and co-workers review recent material and device developments and highlight future challenges and opportunities for perovskite-based tandems.
Non-fullerene acceptors offer a promising development direction to increase the conversion efficiency and stability of organic photovoltaics. Here, Jianquan Zhang and co-workers highlight recent insight to guide molecular material design and discuss future challenges regarding device design and scalability.
Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 photovoltaics exhibit high solar cell efficiencies but the module efficiencies lag far behind. Here, Bermudez and Perez-Rodriguez review the origins of the cell-to-module gap and the solutions proposed to enable the scale-up of this photovoltaic technology.
Recent years have seen significant growth of electric vehicles and extensive development of energy storage technologies. This Review evaluates the potential of a series of promising batteries and hydrogen fuel cells in their deployment in automotive electrification.
The battery manufacturing process significantly affects battery performance. This Review provides an introductory overview of production technologies for automotive batteries and discusses the importance of understanding relationships between the production process and battery performance.
Electrification is seen as the future of automotive industry, and deployment of electric vehicles largely depends on the development of rechargeable batteries. Here, the authors survey the state-of-the-art advances in active materials, electrolytes and cell chemistries for automotive batteries.
The discovery of anionic redox chemistry in Li-rich cathode materials provides much hope for enhancing battery performance. Tarascon and Assat analyse the underlying science behind anionic redox and discuss its practical limitations as well as the routes to overcome the application barriers.
Energy planning models enable assessments of how energy systems may evolve in the future under different scenarios. Historically, they originate from developed nations. This Review analyses 34 models and explores the gaps that need to be addressed for their application in developing contexts.
