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A comparative genomic approach identified a novel acetate-dependent tRNA-modifying enzyme that catalyzes RNA acetylation with a mechanism similar to tRNA aminoacylation. This modification maintains decoding fidelity in protein synthesis.
The large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase RNR-α downregulates DNA replication in the nucleus by directly disrupting PCNA and ZRANB3 interactions. RNR-α nuclear entry is regulated by an interplay between IRBIT and importin-α1.
Through use of a split-intein pIII, soluble expression phage-assisted continuous evolution (SE-PACE) enables two simultaneous positive selections to rapidly evolve proteins with improved expression while maintaining their desired activities.
O-GlcNAcylation of translation initiation factor component eIF4GI blocks interactions to poly(A)-binding protein Pab1 to induce disassembly of stress granules, releasing Hsp70-induced mRNAs and leading to translation of protective proteins
NMR and in vitro reconstitution indicate that GPCRs signal through SH3-containing proteins downstream of β-arrestin 1 proline regions and that arrestin allosterically activates downstream kinases by disrupting their autoinhibitory conformation.
Structural analysis of PRPP and ppGpp riboswitches reveals that they employ a helical element to create a tunnel for the ligand, whose specificity is determined by the conserved nucleotides forming the tunnel and long-distance contacts.
Structural analysis reveals how certain designed peptides adopt unusual spiraling cross-α amyloid-like structures and also rearrange to helical polymers upon mutation of small nonpolar residues that are critical for packing and stabilization.
A genetically encoded FRET-based optical sensor generated from a computational design approach can monitor hippocampal glycine levels in brain tissue to determine differences between spines and shafts and changes induced by high- and low-frequency stimulation.
A new riboswitch-based RNA sensor called Riboglow binds to quenched fluorescent probes to induce fluorescence turn-on. Riboglow enables tagging and tracking of mRNA and short noncoding RNAs with different colored fluorophores in live mammalian cells.
The development of a selective and potent monobody to WDR5, a component of the mixed linear leukemia methyltransferase complex, as genetically encoded inhibitor enables suppression of leukemogenesis and confers survival in a mouse leukemia model.
Primordazine inhibits poly(A)-tail-independent noncanonical translation (PAINT) in early zebrafish embryos and in mammalian cells under select conditions, an effect mediated by deadenylated 3ʹ UTRs that results in ablation of primordial germ cells.
Use of NMR to monitor MHC-I dynamics upon binding to the MHC-I chaperone TAPBPR explains the selection of optimal peptide sequences and release of the chaperone from the ternary peptide-MHC-I–TAPBPR complex.
Engineered variants of cysteine dioxygenase containing a halogen-substituted tyrosine analog provide insights into the process of Cys–Tyr cross-link formation and indicate that the enzyme can catalyze oxidative cleavage of a carbon–fluorine bond.
Proteomic mapping of dynamic changes in kinase signaling after drug treatment identifies that AURKA inhibition is required for drug sensitivity, representing a new co-targeting opportunity with PI3K, AKT, or mTOR inhibitors in breast cancer.
Efficient production of a simple carbapenem antibiotic in Escherichia coli is achieved by a combination of feedback-resistant enzymes for increased precursor biosynthesis and inhibition of fatty acid synthesis for tolerance toward the toxic product.
Synthetic microbial consortia were engineered as experimental models of bacterial interactions within ecosystems, and mathematical models of their behavior were used to design more complex microbial systems with additional interactions.
The membrane-bound enzyme CybB can directly oxidize superoxide to molecular oxygen and transfer the sequestered electrons to ubiquinone in vitro, providing a mechanism for superoxide scavenging distinct from that of superoxide dismutase.
A single-molecule approach combined with molecular dynamics simulations to examine the conformational dynamics of the Escherichia coli ABC transporter BtuCD defines a coordinated sequence of events leading to unidirectional transport.
A Rab11 FRET biosensor reveals a spatiotemporal interplay between Rab11 and PtdIns(3)P turnover during the removal of recycling cargo from the endosome.
Structural, biochemical and cellular studies reveal JMJD7 to be a Jumonji-C oxygenase that catalyzes (3S)-lysyl hydroxylation of the translation factor family of GTPases, DRG1 and DRG2.