Volume 570 Issue 7759, 6 June 2019

All researchers should strive to improve the quality, relevance and reliability of their work.

Confronted with bad behaviour, institutions will keep asking the wrong questions until they have to show their working, says C. K. Gunsalus.

Precise arrangement of molecules helps to create a catalyst that works well even at low temperatures.

Stone slab hints that fish schools today follow the same rules as groups dating back 50 million years.

Residents of a sprawling prehistoric settlement suffered from whipworm but escaped other common parasites.

Two newfound genes help to shield bacteria from tigecycline, which doctors use to treat drug-resistant infections.

In some people, faint evening light is enough to delay the normal rise in melatonin.

Reflected sound waves can distinguish a sitting person from a walking person.

A massive eruption early in Mars’s history created a rocky outcrop that will greet NASA lander in 2021.

The week in science: 31 May–6 June 2019.

Government concerns are also posing difficulties for US academia at large.

Chikyu drilled deeper into the seafloor than ever before, but could not reach point where tectonic plates meet.

The British Journal of Anaesthesia’s unusual experiment is designed to broaden replicability efforts beyond just methods and results.

Study of almost half a million people links mutation that protects against HIV infection to an earlier death.

A glue ingredient was the secret to getting the mouse cells to multiply outside the body.

Once a water-rich Eden, the hellish planet could reveal how to find habitable worlds around distant stars.

All disciplines should follow the geosciences and demand best practice for publishing and sharing data, argue Shelley Stall and colleagues.

To promote effective sharing, we must create an enduring link between the people who generate data and its future uses, urge Heather H. Pierce and colleagues.

Heaven is in the Cloud in this new tome. Paul McEuen watches in wonder.

Christopher Howe delights in a new book on the planet’s most powerful organisms — algae.

Barbara Kiser reviews five of the week’s best science picks.

Scientists can use search skills and solid connections to find grants from foreign governments, foundations and crowdfunding.

A study provides evidence for the unconventional idea that the advent and evolution of plate tectonics on Earth were related to the rise of continents and to sediment accumulation at continental edges and in trenches.

2D crystalline membranes are easily made from some materials, but not from those with strong 3D lattices, such as technologically useful perovskite oxides. Free-standing perovskite monolayers have finally been made.

The neurotransmitter dopamine facilitates learning, motivation and movement. Evidence of its release independently of the activity of dopamine-producing neurons in rat brains forces a rethink of dopamine regulation.

How Nature reported plans to send a monkey into space in 1969, and a milestone in aviation in 1919.

A study provides evidence that male hummingbirds learn both songs and visual displays by listening to and watching others in their community.

Predators are often thought to structure ecological communities by consuming competitively dominant species, which promotes the coexistence of species. But an alternative mechanism might involve the effects of fear.

Three years of investigation by a multi-disciplinary team into claims of ‘cold fusion’ found no evidence that the phenomenon exists, but identified a parameter space potentially worthy of further exploration.

The rise of continents and the accumulation of sediments in trenches since about three billion years ago has had a crucial role in the emergence and evolution of plate tectonics on Earth.

Whole-ecosystem manipulations of Caribbean islands occupied by brown anoles, involving the addition of competitors (green anoles) and/or top predators (curly-tailed lizards), demonstrate that predator introductions can alter the ecological niches and destabilize the coexistence of competing prey species.

The dopamine projection from midbrain dopamine cells to the nucleus accumbens is essential for normal motivation, yet motivation-related changes in nucleus accumbens dopamine release occur independently of dopamine cell firing.

Exome-sequencing analyses of a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and control individuals without diabetes from five ancestries are used to identify gene-level associations of rare variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes.

A multi-channel molecular recording technique is applied as a lineage tracer to assemble cell-fate maps from fertilization through gastrulation in the mouse, providing insights into ontogeny in a complex multicellular organism.

Emission from the 1.3-millimetre hydrogen recombination line reveals a rotating disk of cool gas 0.004 parsecs in radius around the supermassive black hole at the centre of our Galaxy.

Ultrathin freestanding crystalline films of transition-metal oxide perovskites are fabricated and transferred to various substrates, proving their potential for exploring emergent 2D correlated phases.

The epitaxial growth of large single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride monolayers on low-symmetry copper foils is demonstrated.

The stability of both colloidal quantum dots and perovskites can be improved by combining them into a hybrid material in which matched lattice parameters suppress the formation of undesired phases.

Synchrotron Mössbauer source spectroscopy is used to reveal that haematite remains magnetic in cold subducting slabs at the depth of the transition zone in the Earth’s mantle, with implications for the locations of magnetic poles during inversions of the Earth’s magnetic field.

Lineage tracing, biophysical modelling and intestinal transplantation approaches are used to demonstrate that, in the mouse fetal intestinal epithelium, cells are highly plastic with respect to cellular identity and, independent of LGR5 expression and cell position, can contribute to the adult stem cell compartment.

Disruption of the CARMA1–BCL10–MALT1 (CBM) signalosome causes T_reg cells to produce IFNγ and develop dominant anti-tumour activity in synergy with anti-PD-1 treatment, and in the absence of autoimmunity.

A common aneuploidy gene-expression signature is identified in yeast that is suggestive of hypo-osmotic stress, and which leads to cells that exhibit increased plasma-membrane stress and impaired endocytosis.

A screen of 23 transcriptional cofactors for their ability to activate 72,000 candidate core promoters in Drosophila melanogaster identified distinct compatibility groups, providing insight into mechanisms that underlie the selective activation of transcriptional programs.