Abstract
Protein ubiquitylation has emerged as a key mechanism that regulates immune responses. Much like phosphorylation, ubiquitylation is a reversible covalent modification that regulates the stability, activity and localization of target proteins. As such, ubiquitylation regulates the development of the immune system and many phases of the immune response, including its initiation, propagation and termination. Recent work has shown that several ubiquitin ligases help to prevent the immune system from attacking self tissues. The dysfunction of several ubiquitin ligases has been linked to autoimmune diseases.
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Acknowledgements
We apologize to the many authors whose publications are not cited directly because of space limitations. We thank J. Cabrera for graphic support. Research in our laboratory is supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and by grants from the US National Institutes of Health and the Welch Foundation.
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Correspondence should be addressed to Z.J.C. (zhijian.chen@utsouthwestern.edu).
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Bhoj, V., Chen, Z. Ubiquitylation in innate and adaptive immunity. Nature 458, 430–437 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07959
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07959
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