Review, News & Views, Perspectives, Hypotheses and Analyses in 2005

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  • The movement of proteins through a cell's membrane requires a dedicated molecular machine. A glimpse of this apparatus in action shows that it has two channels, and hints at how these pores might be regulated.

    • Arnold J. M. Driessen
    News & Views
  • Analyses of contact-tracing data on the spread of infectious disease, combined with mathematical models, show that control measures require better knowledge of variability in individual infectiousness.

    • Alison P. Galvani
    • Robert M. May
    News & Views
  • There is an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents because antibiotic resistance has become so prevalent. But a promising class of such agents, known as RAMPs, may suffer from the same problem.

    • Angus Buckling
    • Michael Brockhurst
    News & Views
  • Fast transmission between nerve cells relies on specialized ion channels. Probing the structure of these proteins reveals how the binding of a neurotransmitter causes the communication channels to open.

    • Cynthia Czajkowski
    News & Views
  • Can we predict the final size of an earthquake from observations of its first few seconds? An extensive study of earthquakes around the Pacific Rim seems to indicate that we can — but uncertainties remain.

    • Rachel Abercrombie
    News & Views
  • Two-dimensional graphite could be useful in carbon-based electronic devices. How electrons move in these structures seems best described by relativistic quantum physics, modelling them as if they have no mass at all.

    • Charles L. Kane
    News & Views
  • Many animals concentrate their activity around dawn and dusk. This timing is regulated by distinct ‘morning’ and ‘evening’ oscillators in the central nervous system. But how are these two neuronal clocks coordinated?

    • Michael N. Nitabach
    News & Views
  • The requirements for vitamin B12 vary among algal species in a seemingly inexplicable pattern. A study that exploits genomic data now provides enlightenment — and evidence of symbioses with bacteria.

    • Robert A. Andersen
    News & Views
  • Large volcanic eruptions cool the world ocean. In doing so, they temporarily reduce the increase in ocean heat content and the rise in sea level attributed to warming caused by greenhouse-gas emissions.

    • Anny Cazenave
    News & Views
  • Static pictures of protein structures are so prevalent that it is easy to forget they are dynamic molecular machines. Characterizing their intrinsic motions may be necessary to understand how they work.

    • Yuanpeng J. Huang
    • Gaetano T. Montelione
    News & Views
  • A deep search has turned up an RNA that can carry out the chemically complex ‘aldol’ reaction involved in sugar metabolism. Could this be similar to an ancestral catalyst that existed billions of years ago?

    • Michael Yarus
    News & Views
  • The conclusion of a number-crunching exercise on various data sets is that male university students have significantly higher IQs than their female counterparts. But the methodology used is deeply flawed.

    • Steve Blinkhorn
    News & Views
  • The modest-sized but successful Spitzer Space Telescope has detected fluctuations in cosmic light at infrared frequencies. Is this the signature of the first population of stars that formed in the Universe?

    • Richard S. Ellis
    News & Views
  • The sharpest images ever taken of matter around the probable black hole at the centre of our Galaxy bring us within grasp of a crucial test of general relativity — a picture of the black hole's ‘point of no return’.

    • Christopher Reynolds
    News & Views
  • Electrons were until recently thought to transport their charge and spin equally freely through metals and semiconductors. Now it seems that spin can lag considerably behind charge.

    • Bart van Wees
    News & Views