Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Prolonged local anaesthesia via nanofibres mimicking interactions on a sodium channel
This issue highlights drug-delivery strategies and technologies, from nanoscale delivery systems to implantable biomaterial drug depots to microneedle arrays, for a number of biomedical applications in ophthalmology, oncology, endocrinology, immunology, rheumatology, anaesthesiology and treating infectious diseases.
The cover illustrates that self-assembled nanofibres carrying site-1 sodium channel blockers and designed to mimic specific interactions of the blockers with peptide sequences on voltage-gated sodium channels led to prolonged nerve blockade with low systemic toxicity in rats.
Image: Daniel S. Kohane, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital; Tianjiao Ji, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Xin Zhou, Fantastic Color Co., Ltd. Cover design: Allen Beattie.
This Review Article discusses how delivery challenges associated with small molecules, nucleic acids, peptides, proteins and cells led to the development of commercial products and are now informing the delivery of live-cell therapeutics.
Intravitreally injected exosomes derived from regulatory T cells and conjugated with an antibody for vascular endothelial growth factor via a cleavable linker markedly suppress ocular neovascularization in mice and non-human primates.
Orally delivered nanocarriers of insulin or rapamycin made from a polymeric bile acid exert metabolic and immunomodulatory functions, restore blood-glucose levels in mice and pigs with type 1 diabetes, and delay the onset of diabetes in mice.
Patches of transdermal core–shell microneedles, fabricated via additive manufacturing of polymer shells with varying degradability kinetics, enable the preprogrammed burst release of vaccine payloads over a period of a few days to more than a month.
Cryogenic microneedle patches can deliver mammalian cells before dissolving into the skin, as shown with the transdermal delivery of ovalbumin-pulsed dendritic cells in mice with subcutaneous tumours.
Conjugates of small-molecule anticancer drugs with a polyzwitterion that has negligible interaction with proteins and a weak interaction with phospholipids eradicate large tumours and patient-derived tumour xenografts in mice.
A hydrogel implanted into the cavity of a resected tumour and releasing CAR-T cells and platelets conjugated with a checkpoint inhibitor inhibits local tumour recurrence and the growth of distant tumours in mice.
Nanoparticles releasing an oxaliplatin prodrug and a cationic DNA intercalator within temozolomide-resistant gliomas in mice after convection-enhanced delivery inhibit the growth of the tumours without causing any detectable toxicity.
Lipid nanoparticles can be optimized for the efficient delivery of therapeutic mRNAs to the lung via nebulization, as shown for the delivery of a therapeutic antibody in mice challenged with a lethal dose of the H1N1 influenza A virus.
An intra-articularly injected depot of nanoparticles targeting collagen and delivering small interfering RNA for matrix metalloproteinase 13 protects cartilage integrity and joint structure in mice with post-traumatic osteoarthritis.
The loading of two different protein therapeutics onto extracellular vesicles can be optimized by genetically engineering the parent cells, as shown for extracellular vesicles displaying decoy receptors for two pro-inflammatory cytokines.
A self-assembling supramolecular delivery system for site-1 sodium channel blockers designed to mimic specific interactions on voltage-gated sodium channels led to prolonged nerve blockade and to reduced systemic toxicity in rats.