Figure 13 - Responses of superior and inferior hyoid muscles during swallowing.

This figure illustrates the EMG responses of the superior (MH, GH) and inferior (TH, SH, StH) hyoid muscles during swallowing in a chronically instrumented dog. These muscles are capable of putting anterior traction on the larynx, thereby opening the UES. Note that during swallowing only the superior hyoid muscles are activated. S, swallowing: L, licking; MH, mylohyoideus; GH, geniohyoideus; TH, thyrohyoideus; SH, sternohyoideus; StH, sternothyroideus.