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Agriculture can be transformed to enhance farmland biodiversity and food systems’ sustainability through agroecological principles tailored to the current interplay between farmland biodiversity and agricultural production on all agricultural land.
Restoring degraded peatlands can return them to a state of net carbon sequestration and enhance their ecosystem resilience, highlighting the importance of peatland protection and restoration in climate mitigation, according to a synthesis of evidence from temperate and high latitude peatlands.
The compositional fingerprint of petit-spot magmas represents an enriched mantle source and carbonatitic or carbonated silicate melts below the oceanic lithosphere, suggests a synthesis of geochemical analyses on petit-spot volcanism.
Mineral doping of biomass prior to pyrolysis enhances carbon dioxide removal associated with biochar application to soils due to increased stable carbon yield, while also improving biochar fertiliser value through added nutrients and enhanced phosphorus availability.
Multiple climate contributors to fire risk in southeast Australia have led to an increase in fire extent and intensity over the past decades that will likely continue into the future, suggests a synthesis of climate variability, long-term trends and palaeoclimatic evidence.
Coupling between the stratosphere and the troposphere contributes to extreme events at the Earth’s surface, and can help with predictability on timescales from weeks to decades, according to a synthesis of the influence of the stratosphere on surface climate.
Comparing historical carbon dioxide emissions with past projections shows that historical trends have fluctuated around the middle of the projected ranges. Because temporal and geographical variability is high, it is important to use a wide range of emission scenarios.
A concerted observational campaign in the North Atlantic could help improve forecasts of atmospheric rivers and their impacts via a synthesis of advances in reconnaissance and numerical weather prediction.
Human energy consumption and productivity have steeply risen around 1950 CE, leading to a departure from the Earth’s Holocene state into the Anthropocene, suggests a quantitative analysis of humanity’s influence on the Earth system.
Understanding of Antarctic krill must be at the heart of krill fishery management in order to protect the stock and its predators, according to a synthesis of krill ecology research.