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Vishal Kapoor et al. identify a population of cells in the lateral prefrontal cortex that exhibits task phase-related activity during a no-report task. This cell population is functionally segregated from the population encoding conscious perception, although the two operate in parallel.
Laura Arrigoni et al. present RELACS, a method enabling high-throughput ChIP-seq which involves barcoding and processing intact nuclei in the same ChIP reaction. The method is useful for broad cell types and epitopes, robust to experimental conditions, and drastically decreases workload.
Gauthier Carnat et al. report the first measurements of the natural sulfur isotopic composition of sea ice from the Antarctic. They find considerable variability between seasons and sea ice horizons, suggesting unique cycling of sulfur metabolites by sea ice microalgae in extreme environments, with important implications for the production of gasses that impact global climate.
Ben-Nissan et al. present a rapid mass-spectrometry method for characterizing recombinant proteins directly from culture media. They test their method on secreted recombinant proteins from yeast, insect, and human cells, revealing solubility, molecular weight, structure, ligand binding and post-translational modifications.
Christine Lansche, Anil Dasanna et al. investigate the dynamic cytoadhesion behavior of erythrocytes infected with malaria parasite using quantitative flow chamber experiments and computer simulations. They find that parasitized erythrocytes have altered adhesion dynamics, mainly due to differences in cell shape, knob density and membrane bending.
Wu et al. introduce RollFISH, a method that enables quantification of single-molecule RNA with high specificity and sensitivity by combining smFISH with rolling circle amplification. RollFISH facilitated studying heterogeneity of biomarkers in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue, demonstrating its clinical application.
Hamed Alborzinia et al. show that Golgi-dispersing compounds trigger iron-dependent oxidative degradation of lipids, inducing a non-apoptotic cell death called ferroptosis. This study provides insight into the role of Golgi apparatus for preventing ferroptotic cell death through its cellular redox control.
Veronica Estrada et al. use implantable microconnectors in rats to promote recovery of complete spinal cord injury. They show that the device leads to re-formation of tissue, vascularization and motor axon regeneration resulting in improvement of locomotor behavior lasting at least 5 months.
Hang-Hyun Jo et al. derive a mathematical framework for analyzing circadian clock waveforms. Using data from plants and animals, they find that waveforms of clock protein profiles provide important information about the biochemical mechanisms of circadian timekeeping.
Julius Nitsche et al. demonstrate that binding of two calmodulin molecules displaces the regulatory domain of the plasma-membrane Ca2+-ATPase ACA8 to fully activate this Ca2+ pump by relieving the autoinhibition. This work provides structural evidence for the previously proposed bimodular activation mechanism.
Genki Kawamura et al. demonstrate that cells are protected against UV stress through cooperative interactions among circadian clock, heat shock response, and a tumor suppression mechanism. This study reports another protective role of circadian clock as an adaptation strategy against cellular stress.
Xiaoqing Yi et al. report a co-drug delivery micelle system that demonstrates a high therapeutic efficacy for cancer. This system shows a much improved drug load, photostability, and production of reactive oxygen species, compared to traditional photosensitizer-loaded nanoparticles.
Kadowaki et al. examine species-specific feedbacks that occur within mycorrhizal fungal guilds in the establishment of tree seedling-soil microbiomes. Using reciprocal invasion experiments, they show that the form of symbiotic relationship affects the nature of microbial feedback.
Sarah Benhaiem et al. present a model of demographic responses by the spotted hyena to an epidemic of canine distemper virus in 1993–1994.They find that recovery from the outbreak was slow despite initial moderate mortality, and that high-ranking females sped up recovery by increasing the ecological resistance of the population.
García-Rosales et al. identified three distinct neuronal populations within the auditory cortex of awake Carollia perspicillata bats. These neurons responded to different temporal features of communication calls from conspecifics and synchronized to distinct cortical oscillations, suggesting multiscale temporal representation at a cellular level.
Jake Jones et al. show that changes in the metabolism of individual full-thickness skin wounds can be continuously measured in vivo using non-invasive autofluorescence imaging. This study presents endogenous optical biomarkers of chronic wounds, which offer promise in diagnosing impaired wound healing.
Christine Podrini et al. present a comprehensive analysis of Pkd1 mutant mouse cells and kidneys, providing new insight into autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). They find that Pkd1 loss leads to profound metabolic changes, including asparagine synthase-driven glutamine anaplerosis.
Yinnan Mu and colleagues present an improved yellow croaker genome, constructed using a hybrid assembly method incorporating long-reads and short-reads. With their improved assembly, the authors found several gene family expansions associated with olfactory detection, detoxification, and innate immunity.
Theodore Kalbfleisch et al. present an improved genome assembly for the domestic horse by combining short- and long-read data, as well as proximity ligation data. They improve contiguity of the assembly by 40-fold, with a 10-fold reduction in gaps.
Ghizlane Maarifi et al. demonstrate that a nuclear pore component, RanBP2, SUMOylates the retroviral restriction factor TRIM5α to promote its antiviral activity. This study suggests an unexpected role of the nuclear pore for regulating anti-viral innate immunity.