Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Fabrication is the base of Micro and nano device, and can affect the performance of them. The limits usually contains metrials, methods, and equipment. The first two items usually can improve the performance of special device, they are optimized under specific application scenarios. Besides, equipments are the core of fabrication, so lots of efforts have be done to push the limits.