Yue Y, Hovey K M, LaMonte M J, Wactawski-Wende J, Andrews C A, Millen A E. Association between dietary patterns and periodontal disease: the OsteoPerio cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13979.

Better adherence to healthy dietary patterns was associated with better PD measures.

This study examined the association of dietary patterns with periodontal disease (PD). Analyses involved 1,197 post-menopausal women from the OsteoPerio cohort. Dietary patterns assessed included Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), Alternative HEI (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed). At baseline and the five-year follow-up, periodontal assessments evaluated alveolar crestal height (ACH), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage of gingival sites bleeding on probing (%BOP) and missing teeth due to PD. Cross-sectionally, HEI and aMed were associated with smaller CAL and %BOP; along with DASH, they were associated with decreased odds of teeth missing due to PD. AHEI and aMed were associated with decreased odds of severe PD. Prospectively, AHEI was associated with greater ACH progression. This association was attenuated to the null after loss of ACH was imputed for teeth lost due to PD over follow-up, or after excluding participants with diabetes, osteoporosis, hypertension or heart disease at baseline.