Insight: Human genomics and medicine. Nature 27 May (2004). A collection of Review and Commentary articles that focus on how we can translate our knowledge of the human genome into advances in the clinic. Pharmacogenomics, oncogenomics, whole-genome association studies and epigenetics are all covered, as are the future challenges for clinical genomics.

V(D)J recombinational accessibility — heading in the opposite direction? Giallourakis, C., Alt, F. W. & Bassing, C. H. Nature Immunology June (2004)

Genome sequencing: differences with the relatives. Weissenbach, J. Nature 27 May (2004) The first sequence of a chimpanzee chromosome is now available. In this News and Views article, which is included in the Nature web focus on the chimp genome, Jean Weissenbach discusses what this milestone means for our knowledge of our own genetic make-up.

Human genes that limit AIDS. O'Brien, S. J. & Nelson, G. W. Nature Genetics June (2004). Stephen O'Brien and George Nelson review AIDS suscepitbility genes, their validation in association studies, mechanisms of action and importance for future therapeutic strategies.

Genome sequence of an omnipotent fungus. Teeri, T. T. Nature Biotechnology June (2004) In this News and Views article, Tuula Teeri discusses the implications of the availability of the genome sequence of the white-rot fungus.

Bio-ontologies — fast and furious. Blake, J. Nature Biotechnology June (2004) In this Commentary, Judith Blake discusses how bio-ontologies are becoming increasingly important as the distribution of genome-scale data sets through the Internet becomes the norm.

Toll-like receptor signalling. Akira, S. & Takeda, K. Nature Reviews Immunology July (2004) As a part of the special focus on TLR signalling in Nature Reviews Immunology, these authors review the rapid progress in our understanding of how Toll-like receptors recognize microbial molecules and induce distinct patterns of gene expression in response.

The multi-ethnic cohort study: exploring genes, lifestyle and cancer risk. Kolonel, K. N., Altshuler, D. & Henderson, B. E. Nature Reviews Cancer June (2004) Recent advances allow more integrated studies of the genetic and environmental factors that underlie cancer risk. This Review highlights a new large-scale prospective study that aims to use an ethnically diverse cohort to disentangle these influences.