Some people have expressed concern about the legitimacy, usefulness and costs of professional science master's (PSM) degrees, a relatively new US entity that could promise additional career avenues for fledgling scientists (see Nature 454, 547; 2008). As advocates and purveyors of the PSM, we would like to address those concerns and endorse it as an option for scientists seeking management and science training in just a few years.

First, it is not intended for students considering a PhD, although a few PSM graduates do continue on to the PhD after becoming excited by the research to which they have been exposed. Rather, it is designed for students and science professionals who want to work in non-academic sectors, in interdisciplinary fields and in emerging areas. Science professionals looking to gain a competitive edge, re-enter the workforce or refine their skills may also find it worthwhile.

Second, the PSM is a relatively new degree; there are approximately 2,100 graduates nationwide. Not enough data exist yet to declare it a clear success. But the data we have are promising. A recent survey showed that in two years alone, the number of programmes grew by at least 20% (2006-08), and enrolment increased 54% (2004-06). Placement data are also encouraging: almost 70% of 2006 graduates who were not already working full-time found employment in business, government and non-profit sectors, either before they graduated or immediately after.

Cost is an issue. In contrast to PhDs, the master's degree is usually funded by the student. However, the highly competitive salaries PSM graduates can expect make it a worthwhile investment. A recent report from the National Research Council (NRC) notes a strong and growing current demand for master's-level science professionals and healthy growth in the salaries of master's degree-holders in science and engineering — salaries that have grown faster during the past ten years than those of PhD holders. The NRC advocated financial aid for PSM students.

There is good evidence to date that the PSM is a worthwhile investment, and that it benefits the institution and the employer. We are confident that forthcoming data will support the PSM even more strongly.