The MAP kinase p38 is normally regulated by the MAPKKK-MAPKK pathway in mammalian cells. However, analysis of T cell signaling shows an alternative pathway for p38 activation exists.
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Rudd, C. MAPK p38: alternative and nonstressful in T cells. Nat Immunol 6, 368–370 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0405-368
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0405-368
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