In a 'biphasic' system, a catalyst dissolved in a liquid phase can be recycled if the reaction products are captured in an adjacent phase. A catalyst-storing liquid that is plentiful and environmentally friendly has been found.
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Leitner, W. A greener solution. Nature 423, 930–931 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/423930a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/423930a