Abstract
As humoral immunity to a given antigen is generally thought to display an early IgM response which is later dominated by IgG synthesis, it has long been thought that clones of antibody-producing cells switched from μ to γ (refs 1–5). The sequence of appearance of immunoglobulin classes produced by the progeny of isolated precursors (B cells) to antibody-forming cells may answer the questions (1) does a clone of cells switch from μ to γ to α, and (2) do all clones switch in the same order following antigen stimulation? Results presented here show that there is no order of expression of immunoglobulin class with time by B-cell clones stimulated by antigen in the presence of carrier help, because any class can appear first or simultaneously with any other class.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
$199.00 per year
only $3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bauer, D. C. & Stavitsky, A. B. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 47, 1667–1680 (1961).
Nossal, G. J. V., Szenberg, A., Ada, G. L. & Austin, C. J. exp. Med. 119, 485–502 (1964).
Papermaster, B. W. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 32, 447–460 (1967).
Lawton, A. R., Asofsky, R., Hylton, M. B. & Cooper, M. D. J. exp. Med. 135, 277–297 (1972).
Herrod, H. G. & Warner, N. L. J.Immun. 108, 1712–1717 (1972).
Dreyer, W. J. & Bennett, J. C. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 54, 864–869 (1965).
Hood, L., Gray, W. R., Sanders, B. G. & Dreyer, W. J. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 32, 133–146 (1967).
Hilschmann, N. Z. physiol. Chem. 349, 945–951 (1968).
Cunningham, B. A., Pflumm, M. N., Rutishauser, U. & Edelman, G. M. Proc. natn. Acad. U.S.A. 64, 997–1003 (1969).
Todd, C. W. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 11, 170–175 (1963).
Wikler, M., Köhler, H., Putnam, F. W. Science 163, 75–78 (1969).
Oudin, J. & Michel, M. J. exp. Med. 130, 619–642 (1969).
Penn, G. M., Kunkel, H. & Grey, H. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 135, 660–665 (1970).
Wang, A. A., Wilson, S. K., Hopper, J. E., Fudenberg, H. H. & Nisonoff, A. Proc. natn. Sci. U.S.A. 66, 337–343 (1970).
Sledge, C., Fair, D. S., Black, B., Krueger, R. G. & Hood, L. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 923–927 (1976).
Hozumi, N. & Tonegawa, S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 3628–3632 (1976).
Gally, J. A. & Edelman, G. M. Nature 227, 341–348 (1970).
Fu, S. M., Winchester, R. J. & Kunkel, H. G. J. Immun. 114, 250–252 (1975).
Gearhart, P. J., Sigal, N. H. & Klinman, N. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72, 1707–1711 (1975).
Sigal, N. H., Gearhart, P. J. & Klinman, N. R. J. Immun. 114, 1354–1358 (1975).
Gearhart, P. J., Sigal, N. H. & Klinman, N. R. J. exp. Med. 141, 56–71 (1975).
Klinman, N. R. & Press, J. L. Transplant. Rev. 24, 41–83 (1975).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
GEARHART, P. Non-sequential expression of multiple immunoglobulin classes by isolated B-cell clones. Nature 269, 812–813 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1038/269812a0
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/269812a0
This article is cited by
-
Molecular analysis of neonatal IgA expression: Implications for class switching, allelic polymorphism and somatic mutation
Immunologic Research (1990)
-
An immunoglobulin deletion mutant with implications for the heavy-chain switch and RNA splicing
Nature (1980)
-
Monoclonal antibodies against human lymphocyte antigens
Nature (1978)
Comments
By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.