Abstract
ARSENIC in the ocean exists primarily as arsenite and arsenate and thermodynamic calculations1 indicate that in oxygenated sea water at pH 8.1, the equilibrium ratio of the activity of arsenate to arsenite should be about 1026. But observations2–4 suggest that the ratio is, in fact, in the range 10−1 to 101, far from the equilibrum value. My experiments with the inorganic oxidation of added sodium arsenite in surface Sargasso Sea water (in preparation) suggest that, at natural concentrations, all arsenite should be oxidized to arsenate in a matter of weeks or months. The fact that significant quantities of arsenite have been found in all oceanic regions examined is therefore puzzling unless some steady state mechanism can be discovered to account for it.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
$199.00 per year
only $3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sillén, L. G., in Oceanography (edit. by Sears, M.), 574 (American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, 1961).
Sugawara, K., Terada, K., Kanamori, S., Kanamori, N., and Okabe, S., J. Earth Sci., Nagoya Univ., 10, 34 (1962).
Kanamori, S., thesis, Nagoya University (1962).
Tsunogai, S., and Sase, T., Deep Sea Res., 16, 489 (1969).
Green, H. H., S. African J. Sci., 14, 465 (1918).
Woolfolk, C. A., and Whiteley, H. R., J. Bacteriol., 84, 647 (1962).
McBride, B. C., and Wolfe, R. S., Biochemistry, 10, 4312 (1971).
Guillard, R. R. L., and Ryther, J. H., Canad. J. Microbiol., 8, 229 (1962).
Johnson, D. L., and Pilson, M. E. Q., Anal. Chim. Acta, 58, 289 (1972).
Lear, D. W., thesis, University of Rhode Island (1964).
Sorokin, Yu. I., Oceanology, 11, 85 (1971).
Sieburth, J. McN., Deep Sea Res., 18, 1111 (1971).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
JOHNSON, D. Bacterial Reduction of Arsenate in Sea Water. Nature 240, 44–45 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1038/240044a0
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/240044a0
This article is cited by
-
Arsenic through aquatic trophic levels: effects, transformations and biomagnification—a concise review
Geoscience Letters (2022)
-
Solution Chemistry of Arsenic Anions in the Presence of Metal Cations
Journal of Solution Chemistry (2017)
-
A survey on stability of chemical species in solution during storage: the BCR experience
Microchimica Acta (1995)
-
The nature and significance of public exposure to arsenic: a review of its relevance to South West England
Environmental Geochemistry and Health (1995)
-
Arsenic speciation in marine interstitial water. The occurrence of organoarsenicals
Biogeochemistry (1988)
Comments
By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.