Abstract
A SYSTEMATIC search for quasi-stellar objects associated with clusters of galaxies was started by Sandage and Miller1, but was discontinued when no cluster was found near 3C 48. The search has been resumed recently by Bahcall, Schmidt and Gunn2. Bahcall3 found twenty-one QSOs with redshifts larger than z = 0.2 in the direction of Zwicky clusters. In all these cases the redshifts of the QSOs are considerably larger than the redshifts of the associated clusters. Assuming that the redshifts are cosmological, all the twenty-one QSOs would be at considerable distances behind the clusters. This suggests a simple explanation of the association of clusters with QSOs; namely, that QSOs are gravitational lens images4.
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BARNOTHY, J., BARNOTHY, M. Quasars behind Clusters of Galaxies. Nature 226, 335–337 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1038/226335b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/226335b0
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