Abstract
CLASSICAL electron diffraction studies of free molecules were limited to the determination of the geometry of molecular models that usually, for the sake of simplicity, were assumed to be rigid. By means of modern electron diffraction techniques, however, information concerning the root-mean-square deviation, u, from the equilibrium distances can readily be obtained. 
, where r is the actual distance and r
e the equilibrium distance. In cases where asymmetric vibrations have to be considered, the distance of maximum probability might be used instead of r
e.)
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BASTIANSEN, O., CYVIN, S. Molecular Vibrations and Standard Deviation of Interatomic Distances in Benzene. Nature 180, 980–981 (1957). https://doi.org/10.1038/180980b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/180980b0
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