Eating habits, food and health related attitudes and beliefs reported by French students

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess eating habits and some food related behaviours, beliefs and knowledge in educated young French adults.

DESIGN: A standardized questionnaire administered in university classes.

SETTING: University or ‘Grandes Ecoles’ of Paris and Dijon.

SUBJECTS: 660 male and female French students.

INTERVENTIONS: International survey; questionnaire composed of three major sections: (1) Health-related attitudes such as substances used, dieting, health practices; (2) Beliefs concerning behaviour and health, including eating habits; (3) Knowledge, namely relevance of factors to diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular diseases.

RESULTS: Gender, self-perception of body size, BMI and attempts to lose weight affected a number of behaviours. Average BMI corresponded to standard values. ’Healthy’ behaviours were often reported such as: avoiding fat and cholesterol, efforts to eat fruit and fiber. The French students showed a low frequency of snacking and a high regularity in having breakfast, especially respondents with lower BMI (females ≤23 and males ≤24.5 kg/m²). Beliefs about the importance of behaviours were closely associated with the performance of the behaviours. Awareness of the role of eating factors in cardiovascular diseases was observed.

CONCLUSION: The meal and snack pattern in French students is very close to the traditional model. More food- and health-related behaviours and attitudes are reported by women than men. Some of them could be due to a genuine motivation for prevention and health in females or else to a greater wish to be thin. ‘Desire to lose weight’ is often reported although BMI values are normally low in this young population. Beliefs in the importance of a behaviour for health are correlated with the reported performance of the behaviours.

SPONSORSHIP: Data entry was supported in part through the Commission of the European Communities, Medical and Health Research programme, Concerted Action on Breakdown in Human Adaptation: Quantification of Parameters.