Abstract
PARIS. Academy of Sciences, July 26.—M. Emile Picard in the chair.—Methods for collecting and preserving the gases from fumaroles, springs, or volcanic soil: Armand Gautier. The methods suggested are described in detail, and diagrams are given. The gases are transferred, after drying, to a vacuous tube, the latter being sealed by fusion on the spot. The amount of steam accompanying the gas is also determined.—The law of fixed dissociation pressures: Henry Le Chatelier. A discussion of the effect of porosity on the application of the phase rule to dissociation phenomena.—The transcendental singularities of inverse functions of integral functions: Pierre Boutroux.—Uniform analytical functions with discontinuous singularities: Arnaud Denjoy.—Study of the thrust of the air on a surface: A. Rateau. The apparatus used allows of the simultaneous measurement of the vertical and horizontal components of the thrust separately. Curves are given showing the experimental results for certain plane and curved surfaces.—The ultra-violet band spectrum of: phosphorus: A. de Gramont and C. de Watteville. The results are given in tabular form, showing a comparison of the flame and spark spectra.—The ratio between uranium and radium in radio-active minerals: Mile. Gleditech. The results published by the author in an earlier paper not being in accord with those of other workers on the same subject, the analytical method employed has been subjected to a critical examination, but without causing any appreciable change in the figures obtained. There does not seem to be: any constant ratio between uranium and radium in different radio-active minerals. This conclusion necessitates a modification in the views held as to the mechanism of the transformation of uranium into radium.—The action of gravity on the induced activity of radium: Louis o Werlenstein.—A method of registering the length of the path of the a rays, and on a peculiarity of this path: B. Szilard. A layer of the radio-active material was placed horizontally, and a glass plate carrying a layer of zinc sulphide, and backed with a sensitised plate, is fixed at an angle with this layer. The range of. the a rays found in this way was always about 2. mm. less than that given by the ionisation method.—The decomposition of water by the ultraviolet rays: Miroslaw Kernbaum. The ultra-violet rays decompose water in a similar manner to the 3 rays of radium, hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide being produced. -The disengagement of the radium emanation: H. Herchflnkel. The hydrates of iron and uranium carry down nearly the whole of a radium salt in solution, and the precipitates, when dry, give off a large proportion of the emanation.—lonisation by chemical methods: Lon Bloch. A criticism of notes recently published by Reboul and by Broglie and Brizard.—The ionisation of paraffin at different temperatures: Tcheslas Bidlobjoski.—The conditions of stability of the Poulsen arc: C. Tissot.—A new method of analysis by curves of miscibility; its application to oils used for food: E. Louise. Various proportions of the oil under examination are mixed with pure acetone, and the temperature of complete miscibility noted. The percentage of oil plotted against the temperature of miscibility gives a curve characteristic for the oil.—The allotropic states of phosphorus: Pierre Jolibois. Ordinary red phosphorus is an unstable condition. By heating alone to 360° C., or in presence of a catalyst above 250° C., a new stable modification of phosphorus is obtained, termed by the author pyromorphic phosphorus, characterised by its density, 2-37. Red phosphorus melts at 724° C.—The hydrates of thorium chloride and bromide: Ed. Chauvenet.—Some double sulphates: M. Barre.—Some derivatives of 1:2:4-butanetriol: M. Pariselle. The derivatives described include oxyhydro-furfurane, bromobutylene oxide, and 1: 4-dibromo-2-butanol.—The formation of gold deposits: L. de Launay.—Biological observations of the Tonkin india-rubber tree: M. Eberhai-dt and M. Dubard.—A new parasitic entophyte of one of the Coleoptera: L. Leger and E. Hesse.—The genital stolon of the compound Ascidians; its evolution in the course of partial regression: Antoine Pizon.—Study of the toxic powers of the strophantines according to the method of administration: J. Pedebidou.—The paralysing influence exercised by certain acids on alcoholic fermentation: Mile. M. Rozenband. The results, given in tabular form; show the concentration up to which no prejudicial effect is produced, and the concentration at which fermentation is completely stopped.—The action of the ultra-violet rays upon the acetic fermentation of wine: Victor Henri and Joseph Schnitzler. The ultra-violet rays from a quartz mercury vapour lamp completely arrested the acetic fermentation after thirty minutes' exposure, a smaller exposure causing the action to-slow down.—The hydrolysis by diastase of the a- and, 8-methyl-d-glucosides: H. Bierry.—Researches: On the electric charge of textile substances plunged into water or into electrolytic solutions: J. Larguier des Bancels.—The variation of some diastases during the metamorphosis in Limnophilus flaitieornis: Xavier Roques.—The tectonic relations of the internal pre-Alps with the Helvetic strata of the Morcles and the Diablerets: Maurice Lugeon.—The neogenic continental formations in the Hautes-Plaines, Algeria: A. Joly.—An oscillation of the sea noted on June 15, 1909, in the port of Marseilles: Louis Fabry. This oscillation had an amplitude of 40 cm. to 80 cm., and appears to be connected with a sudden rise of 2 mm. in the height of the barometer.—Some earthquake shocks felt at Yunnan: Ch. Dupont.
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Societies and academies . Nature 81, 209–210 (1909). https://doi.org/10.1038/081209b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/081209b0