Abstract
Meteorologische Zeitschrift, September.—Investigations respecting wind velocity, by Prof. G. Hellmann. Our knowledge of wind direction over the globe is fairly satisfactory, but as regards the velocity it is defective, owing to the paucity of good anemometrical observations until within a few years. These observations are also affected by several causes, such as differences of height above ground, the exposure of the instrument, methods of reduction, and instrumental errors. The author has deduced the yearly period of wind velocity for all stations for which he could find a series of ten years' observations, for all parts of the world. The paper is accompanied by tables and diagrams, showing the mean velocity in metres per second for each month and for the year, and contains a valuable discussion of the results. The general conclusions are: (1) That the velocity increases with latitude, and decreases from the coast inland. (2) In the yearly period, the maximum in higher latitudes and exposed coasts occurs during the cold season, while in the interior of the continents it occurs between March and July. (3) The period of maximum velocity generally corresponds with that of the stormy season. (4) The minimum velocity generally occurs in August or September at those inland stations which have a spring maximum, while at coast stations which have a winter maximum, the minimum takes place in June or July. (5) The amplitude of the yearly period is greater on the coast than inland, but greatest in districts subject to strong periodical, winds and monsoons.—Meteorology and terrestrial magnetism in Finland, by A. Heinrichs and E. Biese. The paper contains a summary of the meteorological observations made during the last 150 years, and which furnish good materials for investigations into secular changes of climate. The magnetic observations date from 1780. The organisation and discussion of these valuable observations during the last half of the last century and the first part of this, were principally due to the encouragement given by the University of Åbo.
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Scientific Serials. Nature 56, 607 (1897). https://doi.org/10.1038/056607a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/056607a0