Featured
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Article |
Imprinting of serum neutralizing antibodies by Wuhan-1 mRNA vaccines
- Chieh-Yu Liang
- , Saravanan Raju
- & Michael S. Diamond
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News Feature |
How to kill the ‘zombie’ cells that make you age
Researchers are using new molecules, engineered immune cells and gene therapy to kill senescent cells and treat age-related diseases.
- Carissa Wong
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Article
| Open AccessEngineered CD47 protects T cells for enhanced antitumour immunity
Combination of TCR or CAR T cells expressing the engineered CD47 variant 47E with anti-CD47 antibody therapy results in synergistic antitumour efficacy due to T cell resistance to clearance by macrophages, while maintaining macrophage recruitment into the tumour microenvironment.
- Sean A. Yamada-Hunter
- , Johanna Theruvath
- & Crystal L. Mackall
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News & Views |
Vaccine-enhancing plant extract could be mass produced in yeast
The Chilean soapbark tree is the source of QS-21 — a valuable but hard-to-obtain vaccine additive. Yeast strains engineered to express all components of the QS-21 biosynthetic pathway provide an alternative route to this therapeutic.
- Ryan Nett
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News |
Bird flu in US cows: where will it end?
Scientists worry that the H5N1 strain of avian influenza will become endemic in cattle, which would aid its spread in people.
- Sara Reardon
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News Feature |
Hacking the immune system could slow ageing — here’s how
Our immune system falters over time, which could explain the negative effects of ageing.
- Alison Abbott
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News |
UTIs make life miserable — scientists are finding new ways to tackle them
Researchers are developing vaccines and fresh drug approaches to prevent and treat recurring infections without antibiotics.
- Carissa Wong
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News |
Scientists tried to give people COVID — and failed
Researchers deliberately infect participants with SARS-CoV-2 in ‘challenge’ trials — but high levels of immunity complicate efforts to test vaccines and treatments.
- Ewen Callaway
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Comment |
Male–female comparisons are powerful in biomedical research — don’t abandon them
Binary sex studies have been denounced as too simplistic, but dropping them altogether would impede progress in a long-neglected area of biomedicine.
- Arthur P. Arnold
- , Sabra L. Klein
- & Jeffrey S. Mogil
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News |
Found: the dial in the brain that controls the immune system
Scientists identify the brain cells that regulate inflammation, and pinpoint how they keep tabs on the immune response.
- Giorgia Guglielmi
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News Explainer |
Bird flu in US cows: is the milk supply safe?
Pasteurized milk is probably not a threat to people, but fresh milk droplets on milking equipment could be spreading the virus in a herd.
- Julian Nowogrodzki
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Article |
Structures of human γδ T cell receptor–CD3 complex
- Weizhi Xin
- , Bangdong Huang
- & Qiang Zhou
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News |
WHO redefines airborne transmission: what does that mean for future pandemics?
The World Health Organization was criticized for being too slow to classify COVID-19 as airborne. Will the new terminology help next time?
- Bianca Nogrady
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Article
| Open AccessPGE2 limits effector expansion of tumour-infiltrating stem-like CD8+ T cells
Tumour-derived prostaglandin E2, signaling through its receptors EP2 and EP4, is shown to restrain the responses of tumour-infiltrating stem-like TCF1+CD8+ T lymphocytes, and modulation of T cell EP2 and EP4 can restore anticancer immunity.
- Sebastian B. Lacher
- , Janina Dörr
- & Jan P. Böttcher
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Article |
Periportal macrophages protect against commensal-driven liver inflammation
A subset of Macro-positive macrophages is identified to have immunosuppressive functions in the periportal vein zones of the liver to mediate excessive inflammation, and their effects depend on commensal gut bacteria.
- Yu Miyamoto
- , Junichi Kikuta
- & Masaru Ishii
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Article
| Open AccessPGE2 inhibits TIL expansion by disrupting IL-2 signalling and mitochondrial function
Prostaglandin E2 from the tumour microenvironment impairs interleukin-2 sensing by tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, restricting proliferative response and promoting T cell death via metabolic impairment and ferroptosis.
- Matteo Morotti
- , Alizee J. Grimm
- & George Coukos
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News & Views |
Bacteria deploy umbrella toxins against their competitors
Bacteria make protein toxins to compete with other bacteria in microbial communities. A study of a common soil bacterium has revealed a previously unknown type of antibacterial toxin that forms a striking umbrella-like structure.
- Sarah J. Coulthurst
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Article |
Brain endothelial GSDMD activation mediates inflammatory BBB breakdown
Lipopolysaccharide-induced breakdown of the blood–brain barrier requires activation of GSDMD-mediated plasma membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis in brain endothelial cells.
- Chao Wei
- , Wei Jiang
- & Feng Shao
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Article |
ROS-dependent S-palmitoylation activates cleaved and intact gasdermin D
- Gang Du
- , Liam B. Healy
- & Hao Wu
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News & Views |
Blocking cell death limits lung damage and inflammation from influenza
Animals that receive an inhibitor of an antiviral cell-death response called necroptosis are less likely to die of influenza even at a late stage of infection. This has implications for the development of therapies for respiratory diseases.
- Nishma Gupta
- & John Silke
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News |
How to supercharge cancer-fighting cells: give them stem-cell skills
The bioengineered immune players called CAR T cells last longer and work better if pumped up with a large dose of a protein that makes them resemble stem cells.
- Sara Reardon
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Article
| Open AccessFOXO1 enhances CAR T cell stemness, metabolic fitness and efficacy
Increased effectiveness of anti-cancer chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is associated with a stem-like phenotype through increased expression of FOXO1.
- Jack D. Chan
- , Christina M. Scheffler
- & Phillip K. Darcy
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Article |
Necroptosis blockade prevents lung injury in severe influenza
A newly developed RIPK3 inhibitor blocks necroptosis of lung cells, reduces lung inflammation and prevents mortality in a mouse model of influenza A virus infection.
- Avishekh Gautam
- , David F. Boyd
- & Siddharth Balachandran
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Article |
Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution
The effects of sex and androgens on the molecular programs and cellular populations are explored using a single-cell transcriptomic atlas comprising over 2.3 million cells from different tissues in Mus musculus.
- Fei Li
- , Xudong Xing
- & Dong Gao
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Article |
Metabolic rewiring promotes anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids reprogram the mitochondrial metabolism of macrophages, resulting in increased and sustained production of the anti-inflammatory metabolite itaconate and, as a consequence, inhibition of the inflammatory response.
- Jean-Philippe Auger
- , Max Zimmermann
- & Gerhard Krönke
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Article
| Open AccessDistal colonocytes targeted by C. rodentium recruit T-cell help for barrier defence
The murine enteropathogen Citrobacter rodentium targets a specific subset of absorptive intestinal epithelial cells in the mid–distal colon, which stimulate T cells to produce sustained IL-22 signals to mitigate further spread of the pathogen.
- Carlene L. Zindl
- , C. Garrett Wilson
- & Casey T. Weaver
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Article
| Open AccessFOXO1 is a master regulator of memory programming in CAR T cells
The transcription factor FOXO1 has a key role in human T cell memory, and manipulating FOXO1 expression could provide a way to enhance CAR T cell therapies by increasing CAR T cell persistence and antitumour activity.
- Alexander E. Doan
- , Katherine P. Mueller
- & Evan W. Weber
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News Explainer |
Bird flu outbreak in US cows: why scientists are concerned
A virus that has killed hundreds of millions of birds has now infected cattle in six US states, but the threat to humans is currently low.
- Max Kozlov
- & Smriti Mallapaty
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Article
| Open AccessImmune microniches shape intestinal Treg function
Studies in mice show that effector T regulatory cells in the gut are most functional in the lamina propria, but this homeostatic niche is disrupted in inflammation, suggesting a spatial mechanism of tolerance to commensal microorganisms.
- Yisu Gu
- , Raquel Bartolomé-Casado
- & Fiona Powrie
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Editorial |
Time to sound the alarm about the hidden epidemic of kidney disease
With rates rising around the world, public-health leaders must prioritize prevention, treatment, funding and data.
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News |
Diabetes drug slows development of Parkinson’s disease
The drug, which is in the same family as blockbuster weight-loss drugs such as Wegovy, slowed development of symptoms by a small but statistically significant amount.
- David Adam
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Outline |
Video: Cancer-busting vaccines
Treatments that could train the immune system to identify and destroy cancer cells are on the way.
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Outline |
Cancer-vaccine trials give reasons for optimism
Therapeutic vaccines could provide a transformative shot in the arm for cancer treatment.
- Liam Drew
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Outline |
How does a cancer vaccine work?
After decades of slow progress, therapeutic vaccines that direct the immune system to attack tumours could soon become a fixture of cancer treatment.
- Liam Drew
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News & Views |
Anti-ageing antibodies revive the immune system
Depleting an expanding pool of aberrant stem cells in aged mice using antibody therapy has been shown to rebalance blood cell production, diminish age-associated inflammation and strengthen acquired immune responses.
- Yasar Arfat T. Kasu
- & Robert A. J. Signer
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News & Views |
Innate immunity in neurons makes memories persist
A population of neurons that engages mechanisms of the innate immune system during memory formation has been uncovered in mice. Surprisingly, inflammatory signalling might pave the way for long-term memory.
- Benjamin A. Kelvington
- & Ted Abel
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News |
How to make an old immune system young again
Antibodies that target blood stem cells can rejuvenate immune responses in mice.
- Heidi Ledford
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Article
| Open AccessFormation of memory assemblies through the DNA-sensing TLR9 pathway
Learning results in persistent double-stranded DNA breaks, nuclear rupture and release of DNA fragments and histones within hippocampal CA1 neurons that, following TLR9-mediated DNA damage repair, results in their recruitment to memory circuits.
- Vladimir Jovasevic
- , Elizabeth M. Wood
- & Jelena Radulovic
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Article
| Open AccessCGRP sensory neurons promote tissue healing via neutrophils and macrophages
Experiments in mouse models show that NaV1.8+ nociceptors innervate sites of injury and provide wound repair signals to immune cells by releasing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).
- Yen-Zhen Lu
- , Bhavana Nayer
- & Mikaël M. Martino
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Article |
Depleting myeloid-biased haematopoietic stem cells rejuvenates aged immunity
Antibody-mediated depletion of myeloid-biased haematopoietic stem cells in aged mice restores characteristic features of a more youthful immune system.
- Jason B. Ross
- , Lara M. Myers
- & Irving L. Weissman
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News |
First pig kidney transplant in a person: what it means for the future
The operation’s early success has made researchers hopeful that clinical trials for xenotransplanted organs will start soon.
- Smriti Mallapaty
- & Max Kozlov
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Article |
A host–microbiota interactome reveals extensive transkingdom connectivity
A new technology for proteome-scale assessment of human exoproteome–microbiome interactions exposes an extensive network of transkingdom connectivity.
- Nicole D. Sonnert
- , Connor E. Rosen
- & Noah W. Palm
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News & Views |
Astrocyte cells in the brain have immune memory
The central nervous system’s astrocyte cells respond to injury and disease. The finding that they form molecular memories of certain responses, and that these modify inflammatory signalling, sheds light on autommunity.
- Michael V. Sofroniew
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News |
First pig liver transplanted into a person lasts for 10 days
Pig organs could provide temporary detox for people whose livers need time to recover or who are awaiting human donors.
- Smriti Mallapaty
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Article |
Venous-plexus-associated lymphoid hubs support meningeal humoral immunity
Dural-associated lymphoid tissues are lymphoid structures around vascular hubs in the dura mater that sample antigens and rapidly support humoral immune responses after local pathogen challenge.
- Zachary Fitzpatrick
- , Nagela Ghabdan Zanluqui
- & Dorian B. McGavern
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Article
| Open AccessResilient anatomy and local plasticity of naive and stress haematopoiesis
This study develops a method for spatially resolving multipotent haematopoiesis, erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis in mice and uncovers heterogeneous haematopoietic stress responses in different bones.
- Qingqing Wu
- , Jizhou Zhang
- & Daniel Lucas
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Article |
Role of IL-27 in Epstein–Barr virus infection revealed by IL-27RA deficiency
IL-27RA–IL-27 has a critical role in the immunity to EBV, and this defence is hijacked by Epstein–Barr virus to promote the expansion of infected transformed B cells
- Emmanuel Martin
- , Sarah Winter
- & Sylvain Latour
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Article |
Disease-associated astrocyte epigenetic memory promotes CNS pathology
In an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model in mice, a subset of astrocytes retains an epigenetically regulated memory of past inflammation, causing exacerbated inflammation upon subsequent rechallenge.
- Hong-Gyun Lee
- , Joseph M. Rone
- & Francisco J. Quintana
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News |
Bird-flu threat disrupts Antarctic penguin studies
Projects have been cancelled in an effort to curb the virus’s spread.
- Carissa Wong
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