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Viral infection is the invasion of the body by a small agent known as a virus. Viruses replicate inside host cells and can produce toxins that cause disease. The immune system helps to destroy viruses, but antiviral immune responses can also cause tissue damage and illness.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) hosted a two-day virtual workshop on leveraging microbial exposure to improve mouse models of human immune status and disease. The workshop’s objective was to evaluate the current state of knowledge in the field and to identify gaps, challenges and future directions.
Sam et al. describe a case study of a patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and papillary carcinoma diagnosed with depletion-associated prolonged acute COVID-19 treated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 the casirivimab-imdevimab monoclonal antibody cocktail. The patient made a full recovery from their persistent infection.
The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied over the course of the pandemic due to factors such as changes in variant characteristics and population immunity from previous infection or vaccination. Here, the authors estimate infection hospitalisation and infection fatality rates in England over time from the start of the pandemic until March 2023.
Analyses from the US Department of Veterans Affairs databases reported residual elevated risk and health burden of long COVID at 3 years in hospitalized individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In this Journal Club, Yi Shi discusses a paper reporting that influenza virus infection in humans induces broadly cross-reactive and protective antibodies against the viral neuraminidase.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) hosted a two-day virtual workshop on leveraging microbial exposure to improve mouse models of human immune status and disease. The workshop’s objective was to evaluate the current state of knowledge in the field and to identify gaps, challenges and future directions.
The World Health Organization framework for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants has been updated to reflect the continued evolution of the virus; this framework could be adapted for other emerging respiratory diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential.
SARS-CoV-2 infection can be associated with ‘brain fog’ and persistent neurologic disease, especially in the elderly, with the possibility of direct viral particle interference with normal synaptic transmission.